Abstract
In recent years, the use of handheld wireless communication devices such as smart phones and tablets has been increasing enormously, thus ensuing surge in mobile data traffic which is expected to grow even more in the upcoming years. In mobile data traffic, the major drivers are audio and video processing which consume the major bandwidth hog, putting a great deal of demand on telecommunication networks. Telecom service providers are continuously meeting the demands for more bandwidth and faster broadband connections by stepping up site acquisitions to improve their infrastructure, but there is a huge public health concern looming from the threat of electromagnetic radiations (EMRs) from the mobile phones. It emits radio frequency (RF) energy, a form of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, which can be absorbed by tissues flanking to the handset and would be harmful to health. There is scope for study to evaluate prevailing radiation concern. In this paper, a critical analysis of electromagnetic radiations transmitted by the mobile phones is carried out in different scenarios such as incoming/outgoing calls (Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) and Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS)), short message service (SMS), mobile data, Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), and Wi-Fi hotspot. It has been observed from the results that GSM technology showed high radiation levels, whereas UMTS is more or less unchanged compared to idle standby level. Further, the possible precautionary measures to minimize the harmful effects of the EMR are proposed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Mat, D.; Kho, F.; Joseph, A.; Kipli, K.; Sahrani, S.; Lias, K.; Marzuki, A.S.W. (2010). The effect of headset and earphone on reducing electromagnetic radiation from mobile phone toward human head, 8th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Information and Telecommunication Technologies (APSITT), pp. 1,6.
Anoob, B.; Unni, C. (2014). Investigation on Specific Absorption Rate due to electromagnetic radiation. International Conference on Communication and Network Technologies (ICCNT), pp. 302,307.
Mat, D.; Tat, F.K.W.; Kipli, K.; Joseph, A.; Lias, K.; Marzuki, A.S.W. (2010). Visualization and Analytical Measurement of Electromagnetic Radiation from Handheld Mobile Phones. Second International Conference on Computer Engineering and Applications (ICCEA), pp. 246,250, https://doi.org/10.1109/iccea.2010.201.
Relova, J.L.; Pértega, S.; Vilar, J.A.; López-Martin, E.; Peleteiro, M.; Ares-Pena, F. (2010). Effects of Cell-Phone Radiation on the Electroencephalographic Spectra of Epileptic Patients [Telecommunications Health & Safety]. Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 173,179.
Cisco Whitepaper. Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update, 2014–2019. http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/visual-networking-index-vni/white_paper_c11-520862.pdf. Accessed 18 January 2015.
Gavan, J.; Haridim, M. (2007), “Mobile Radio Base Stations and Handsets Radiation Effects: Analysis, Simulations and Mitigation Techniques”, International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, EMC 2007.
Li Yang; Lu guizhen (2008), “The discussion on the biological effect of mobile phone radiation”, International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology, ICMMT.
Pinho, P.; Lopes, A.; Leite, J.; Casaleiro, Joao (2009). SAR determination and influence of the human head in the radiation of a mobile antenna for two different frequencies.
Sai-Wing Leung; Yinliang Diao; Kwok-Hung Chan; Yun-Ming Siu; Yongle Wu (2012). Specific Absorption Rate Evaluation for Passengers Using Wireless Communication Devices inside Vehicles with Different Handedness, Passenger Counts, and Seating Locations. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 59, no. 10, pp. 2905,2912.
Global smartphone shipments forecast 2010–2021. Resource Document. The Statistics Portal. www.statista.com/statistics/263441/global-smartphone-shipments-forecast/. Accessed 10 July 2016.
Android Growth Drives Another Strong Quarter for the Worldwide Tablet Market, Resource Document. International Data Corporation.http://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=prUS24420613. Accessed 18 January 2015.
The Mobile Economy Report 2014. Resource Document. GSMA.www.gsmamobileeconomy.com/GSMA_ME_Report_2014_R2_WEB.pdf. Accessed 18 January 2015.
Kundu, A. (2013). Specific Absorption Rate evaluation in apple exposed to RF radiation from GSM mobile towers. Applied Electromagnetics Conference (AEMC), pp. 1,2.
Chang-xia Sun; Yong Liu; Fei Liu (2011). The research of 3G mobile phone radiation on the human head. 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC), pp. 4869,4872.
J. Baumann, F.M. Landstorfer, L. Geisbusch and R. Georg (2006). Evaluation of radiation exposure by UMTS mobile phones. Electronics Letter.
Resource Document. 4G Americas. http://www.4gamericas.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=page§ionid=260.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Singh, T., Devi, R., Kumar, A., Jambagi, S.S., Singh, B. (2019). Transmission of Electromagnetic Radiations from Mobile Phones: A Critical Analysis. In: Panigrahi, B., Trivedi, M., Mishra, K., Tiwari, S., Singh, P. (eds) Smart Innovations in Communication and Computational Sciences. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 669. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8968-8_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8968-8_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-8967-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-8968-8
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)