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Basics of Bio-hydrogen Production by Dark Fermentation

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Bioreactors for Microbial Biomass and Energy Conversion

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Abstract

Hydrogen production by biological methods, particularly dark fermentation, has recently gained in interest for the scientific as well as the socio-economic communities. This theme has been intensively investigated over the past decade since biohydrogen can be produced under a large range of conditions. This chapter aims to present the basic concepts of biohydrogen production by dark fermentation , including microbial metabolism and related microorganisms . The wide range of substrate possibilities, as well as the most important operational parameters, are also reviewed. Integration of the dark fermentation bioprocesses into the concept of environmental biorefinery is further discussed by proposing alternatives to overcome the limitations prior to their application at industrial scale. Finally, the current situation of hydrogen as main energetic vector for the future, as well as the role of dark fermentation in the environmentally friendly hydrogen production are discussed.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In this section, it is important to take into consideration that hydrogen is referred to as energy carrier and not as an energy source: although hydrogen as a molecular component is abundant in nature, energy needs to be used to generate pure hydrogen which incurs a cost and suffers from thermodynamic losses.

  2. 2.

    LCOE is a measure of a power source which attempts to compare different methods of electricity generation on a consistent basis. It is an economic assessment of the average total cost to build and operate a power-generating asset over its lifetime divided by the total energy output of the asset over that lifetime. The LCOE can also be regarded as the minimum cost at which electricity must be sold in order to break-even over the lifetime of the project.

  3. 3.

    Electrolysis is a process of splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen by applying a direct current, converting electricity into chemical energy.

  4. 4.

    Explicit methods calculate the state of a system at a later time from the state of the system at the current time.

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Acknowledgements

Javiera Toledo-Alarcon is grateful to the Chilean National Commission for Scientific Research and Technology (CONICYT) for the award of her PhD scholarship. Gabriel CAPSON-TOJO is thankful to Suez, which has financed his research under the CIFRE convention 434 N° 2014/1146. A. Marone postdoctoral program was funded by the Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship WASTE2BIOHY (FP7-MCIEF-326974) under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Community. F. Paillet Ph.D. work was supported by the TRIFYL center, administrative department syndicate for treatment and valorization of municipal solid waste , the French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME) and the French Institute for Agricultural and Food Research (INRA). Antônio Djalma N. FERRAZ JÚNIOR gratefully acknowledges the financial support from FAPESP (Project 2013/15665-8 and 2015/21650-9).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. LBE, INRA, Univ Montpellier, 102 Avenue Des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France

    Javiera Toledo-Alarcón, Gabriel Capson-Tojo, Antonella Marone, Antônio Djalma Nunes Ferraz Júnior, Lucile Chatellard, Nicolas Bernet & Eric Trably

  2. CIRSEE, Suez, 38 Rue Du Président Wilson, 78230, Le Pecq, France

    Gabriel Capson-Tojo & Florian Paillet

  3. TRIFYL, Route de Sieurac, 81300, Labessiere-Candeil, France

    Florian Paillet

  4. Brazilian Bioethanol Science and Technology Laboratory (CTBE), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, 10.000, Polo II de Alta Tecnologia, 6170, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Antônio Djalma Nunes Ferraz Júnior

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  1. Javiera Toledo-Alarcón
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  1. College of Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China

    Qiang Liao

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

    Jo-shu Chang

  3. Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim e.V., Potsdam, Germany

    Christiane Herrmann

  4. College of Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China

    Ao Xia

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Toledo-Alarcón, J. et al. (2018). Basics of Bio-hydrogen Production by Dark Fermentation. In: Liao, Q., Chang, Js., Herrmann, C., Xia, A. (eds) Bioreactors for Microbial Biomass and Energy Conversion. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7677-0_6

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