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Testing of Foams

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Handbook of Mechanics of Materials

Abstract

Foams are lightweight cellular materials that are widely used in applications such as packaging, thermal insulation, sound absorption, underwater vehicle structures, and as the core in sandwich structures used in aircraft. Testing of foams to obtain reliable properties that are relevant to a given application is a significant challenge. High damping, high compressive or tensile strain, and high volume of air in the structure are among the challenges that make it difficult to apply the common test methods to these materials. For example, use of strain gauges for tensile or compression testing is usually not possible because bonding the strain gauges to the surface of a cellular material may not be possible, the small measurement range of a strain gauge may not be enough to capture the strain in the entire loading range, and microscopic material structure may dominate the measurement. This chapter discusses test techniques that include quasi-static compression, high strain rate compression, impact, dynamic mechanical analysis, vibration methods, and imaging techniques that are relevant to testing of foams. The imaging methods include ultrasonic imaging and microCT-scanning. Test techniques are described and results on representative foam materials are presented to understand the test outcomes.

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Acknowledgments

Support provided by Office of Naval Research grant N00014-10-1-0988 is acknowledged. The authors thank the NYU-AD Dean of Engineering for providing partial funding for visit of MRD to NYU-AD to work on the manuscript. Dr. Dirk Lehmhus, Fraunhofer IFAM, Bremen, Germany, is acknowledged for providing several specimens for imaging and for useful discussions. Funding from DAAD (grant # P91583818) and NYU for visit of Dr. Lehmhus to NYU is acknowledged to facilitate discussions. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors, not of funding agencies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Composite Materials and Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA

    Nikhil Gupta, Steven Eric Zeltmann & Dung D. Luong

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karanataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, Karanataka, India

    Mrityunjay Doddamani

Authors
  1. Nikhil Gupta
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  2. Steven Eric Zeltmann
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  3. Dung D. Luong
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  4. Mrityunjay Doddamani
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Correspondence to Nikhil Gupta .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Science and Strength of Materials, University of Stuttgart Institute for Materials Testing, Stuttgart, Germany

    Siegfried Schmauder

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University Department of Civil Engineering, Taipei, T´ai-pei, Taiwan

    Chuin-Shan Chen

  3. BEC 254, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA

    Krishan K. Chawla

  4. Fulton School of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA

    Nikhilesh Chawla

  5. Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University Engineering Mechanics, Hangzhou, China

    Weiqiu Chen

  6. Katayanagi Advanced Research Laboratorie, Tokyo University of Technology Katayanagi Advanced Research Laboratorie, Tokyo, Japan

    Yutaka Kagawa

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Gupta, N., Zeltmann, S.E., Luong, D.D., Doddamani, M. (2018). Testing of Foams. In: Schmauder, S., Chen, CS., Chawla, K., Chawla, N., Chen, W., Kagawa, Y. (eds) Handbook of Mechanics of Materials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6855-3_50-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6855-3_50-1

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