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Microfungi for the Removal of Toxic Triphenylmethane Dyes

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Mining of Microbial Wealth and MetaGenomics

Abstract

Triphenylmethane (TPM) dyes are a group of aromatic, synthetic dyes used widely in industrial processes. The discharge of these dyes into the environment demands strict monitoring and treatment due to their toxicity and cancer-inducing possibilities. The inexpensive, environmental-friendly biological treatment of TPM dyes using microfungi is an attractive remediation approach compared to the conventional physico-chemical methods. A diverse population of microfungi (comprising of members with microscopic fruiting bodies), such as white-rot and non-white-rot fungi, have demonstrated potential in removing TPM dyes via biosorption and biodegradation. Enzymes involved in dye decolourization include laccase, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and reductases. The biosorption and biodegradation activities of microfungi are influenced by nutrients, pH, temperature, initial dye concentration and biomass concentration. This chapter discusses the various strains of microfungi with TPM dye-decolourizing potential, as well as their mechanisms, optimum conditions and some current technological applications for these useful microfungi to remove TPM dyes.

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Abbreviations

Lac:

Laccase

LiP:

Lignin peroxidase

MnP:

Manganese peroxidase

MS:

Mass spectroscopy

TPM:

Triphenylmethane

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Acknowledgements

The authors express gratitude to the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education for providing research funding under the FRGS grant scheme (FRGS/2/2013/STWN01/MUSM/02/2) and Monash University Malaysia for the funds and research facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia

    Si Hui Chen & Adeline Su Yien Ting

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  1. Si Hui Chen
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  2. Adeline Su Yien Ting
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Correspondence to Adeline Su Yien Ting .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Microbial Biotechnology and Genomics, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India

    Vipin Chandra Kalia

  2. Microbial Culture Collection, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India

    Yogesh Shouche

  3. Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR), Nagpur, India

    Hemant J. Purohit

  4. Microbial Culture Collection, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India

    Praveen Rahi

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Chen, S.H., Ting, A.S.Y. (2017). Microfungi for the Removal of Toxic Triphenylmethane Dyes. In: Kalia, V., Shouche, Y., Purohit, H., Rahi, P. (eds) Mining of Microbial Wealth and MetaGenomics. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5708-3_22

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