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Climate Change Impact on Sheep Production: Growth, Milk, Wool, and Meat

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Sheep Production Adapting to Climate Change

Abstract

Sheep production is looked upon as the primary meat industry in the future due to production efficiency of mutton and adaptability of the sheep to changing climate. More than 50% small ruminants of the world are located in arid region, indicating their adaptability and future suitability to increasing temperatures. Sheep graze in the ranches, wastelands particularly in Asian and African countries, and also in pasturelands of Australia; this not only reduces emission of the greenhouse gases (GHG) but also increases fertility of land. Increased temperatures will be the first impact of climate change. Cyclones, droughts, heavy rainfall, unpredictable climate, and diseases are other factors which will affect the sheep husbandry; however threats posed by these factors can also be ameliorated with scientific planning and execution. Disease resilience in genomics of sheep can be exploited apart from nutritional interventions for mitigating these challenges. 2050 will see a high demand of food from exisiting resources to feed ~10 billion people, and sheep will play a major role with advanced genomic selection. In sheep, growth traits and meat quality are important criteria. Selection of sheep breeds and candidates that are high producing and also tolerant to the adverse effects can be a mitigating option. Reaction norms in genotype by environment interaction are important, and selection of genotypes for suitability in the future needs considerable research inputs. Revised selection criteria may be a need of the future, where production in the compromised environment seems to be the need of time. The decline in profitability of wool and environmental impacts have forced wool to take backstage; however, wool fiber production consumes significantly less energy than popular man-made fibers. Importance of the sheep husbandry as sustainable livelihood option for landless, marginal, and small farmers needs to be realized along with its global emergence as the desired food animal in the climate change era.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Malpura, 304501, Rajasthan, India

    G. R. Gowane, Y. P. Gadekar, Ved Prakash, Vinod Kadam, Ashish Chopra & L. L. L. Prince

Authors
  1. G. R. Gowane
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  2. Y. P. Gadekar
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  3. Ved Prakash
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  4. Vinod Kadam
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  5. Ashish Chopra
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  6. L. L. L. Prince
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to G. R. Gowane .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Veerasamy Sejian

  2. ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Raghavendra Bhatta

  3. School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia

    John Gaughan

  4. Bioenergetics and Environmental Sciences Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Pradeep Kumar Malik

  5. Division of Physiology of Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Malpura, Rajasthan, India

    S.M.K Naqvi

  6. Carbon Management and Sequestration Centre, School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Rattan Lal

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Gowane, G.R., Gadekar, Y.P., Prakash, V., Kadam, V., Chopra, A., Prince, L.L.L. (2017). Climate Change Impact on Sheep Production: Growth, Milk, Wool, and Meat. In: Sejian, V., Bhatta, R., Gaughan, J., Malik, P., Naqvi, S., Lal, R. (eds) Sheep Production Adapting to Climate Change. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4714-5_2

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