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Lymphoid Tissues Associated with Gastrointestinal (GI) Mucosa

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Lymph Node Metastasis in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Abstract

GI mucosa covers huge area of internal but outside of the body and encounters tremendous numbers and amounts of food antigens and nonpathogenic microorganisms, and occasionally expose to pathogens. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue or gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is a key organized lymphoid structure for the regulation and induction of antigen-specific immune responses. In this chapter, we describe the structure, function, and development of several types of GALTs, including Peyer’s patches, cecum patches, colonic patches, isolated lymphoid follicles, mesenteric lymph nodes, and cryptopatches. Lymphoid tissues associated with small intestine and large intestine are not only anatomically but also immunologically segregated for the induction of necessary immune responses. In addition, the GALT development can be divided into pre- and postnatal organogenesis with similarity and differences existing in the molecular and cellular requirement. Prenatal development of GALT is programed in the ontogeny, while postnatal development of GALT is controlled by external stimuli such as microbial stimulation and dietary materials. Therefore, each GALT shares some common features with unique function and developmental requirement which contribute for the creation of dynamism and homeostasis of gut immune system.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki-city, Osaka, Japan

    Takahiro Nagatake & Jun Kunisawa

  2. International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Jun Kunisawa

  3. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe-city, Hyogo, Japan

    Jun Kunisawa

  4. Graduate School of Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita-city, Osaka, Japan

    Jun Kunisawa

  5. Department of Mucosal Immunology, The University of Tokyo Distinguished Professor Department, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Hiroshi Kiyono

  6. Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University (CU), Chiba-city, Chiba, Japan

    Hiroshi Kiyono

  7. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD) and CU-UCSD Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines, UCSD, San Diego, CA, USA

    Hiroshi Kiyono

Authors
  1. Takahiro Nagatake
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  2. Jun Kunisawa
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  3. Hiroshi Kiyono
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Correspondence to Hiroshi Kiyono .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima, Japan

    Shoji Natsugoe

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Nagatake, T., Kunisawa, J., Kiyono, H. (2019). Lymphoid Tissues Associated with Gastrointestinal (GI) Mucosa. In: Natsugoe, S. (eds) Lymph Node Metastasis in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4699-5_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4699-5_5

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