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Diabetes and Cancers

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Diabetes and Aging-related Complications

Abstract

A growing body of evidence from observational studies suggests that diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of cancer. Meta-analyses have demonstrated that patients with diabetes have increased risks of total cancer and of site-specific cancers of the breast, endometrium, bladder, liver, colorectum, and pancreas. Insulin resistance with subsequent hyperinsulinemia is the most frequently proposed hypothesis to explain this link although high-quality evidence investigating the association between glycemic control and cancer risk remains lacking. In addition to several facets of lifestyle including obesity, smoking, and lack of exercise, treatment for diabetes potentially affects the risk of cancer. For instance, metformin, an insulin sensitizer, reportedly may have an anticancer effect. In light of the exploding global epidemic of diabetes, even a modest increase in the cancer risk will translate into a substantial socioeconomic burden, which led to a joint committee being formed, enlisting experts from the Japan Diabetes Society and the Japanese Cancer Association to address this issue, along the lines of those from the American Diabetes Association and the American Cancer Society. The current insights underscore the need for clinical attention and better-designed studies of the complex interactions between diabetes and cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Endocrinology Department, St. Luke’s International Hospital, 9-1, Akashi, Chuo, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan

    Hiroshi Noto

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  1. Hiroshi Noto
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Correspondence to Hiroshi Noto .

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  1. Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan

    Sho-ichi Yamagishi

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Noto, H. (2018). Diabetes and Cancers. In: Yamagishi, Si. (eds) Diabetes and Aging-related Complications. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4376-5_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4376-5_9

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