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Clinical Implications of Osmolytes in Various Human Diseases

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Cellular Osmolytes

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Abstract

Osmolytes are naturally occurring small organic molecules capable of suppressing protein aggregation, reverse misfolding, and stabilizing unstable proteins. They are also known to play crucial roles in various biological processes including prevention of oxidative stress, modulation of immunological processes, host–pathogen interaction, infectivity, cell volume regulation, and cell signaling. Recently, many osmolytes have been discovered to be important metabolites for the cancer cells. In addition to their involvement in various biological processes, they have been also known to have clinical implications for large number of human diseases caused due to protein conformational disorders. They are also known to modulate proteostasis and are associated with the protein quality control system. In this chapter we have systematically reviewed the clinical implications of the osmolytes for human diseases and discussed the advances made on some particular diseases wherein osmolytes’ therapeutic role has been extensively investigated. Future clinical perspectives have also been described.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sheeza Khan & Laishram Rajendrakumar Singh

  2. Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, 190006, J & K, India

    Tanveer A. Dar

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  1. Sheeza Khan
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  2. Tanveer A. Dar
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  3. Laishram Rajendrakumar Singh
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Correspondence to Laishram Rajendrakumar Singh .

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  1. University of Delhi, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, New Delhi, India

    Laishram Rajendrakumar Singh

  2. Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Tanveer Ali Dar

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Khan, S., Dar, T.A., Singh, L.R. (2017). Clinical Implications of Osmolytes in Various Human Diseases. In: Rajendrakumar Singh, L., Dar, T. (eds) Cellular Osmolytes. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3707-8_8

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