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Lower Crustal Accretion and Reworking Beneath the North China Craton: Evidences from Granulite Xenoliths

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Main Tectonic Events and Metallogeny of the North China Craton

Part of the book series: Springer Geology ((SPRINGERGEOL))

Abstract

How has the Earth’s deep continental crust evolved? Most of our knowledge is derived from surface exposures, but xenoliths carried in igneous rocks can be an important source of information. The North China Craton (NCC) is one of the oldest cratons in the world and Phanerozoic igneous rocks with abundant xenoliths are widespread, making it an ideal area to study the formation and evolution of continental crust. Abundant data of U–Pb ages and Hf isotopes in zircons were obtained for lower crustal xenoliths from over ten localities to constrain the history beneath the craton. The oldest components of the NCC may be ~4.0 Ga. The craton experienced complex accretion and reworking processes in its deep crust, accompanied by the formation and differentiation of the ancient continental nucleus. The small size of the NCC, compared with many other cratons worldwide, made it more susceptible to the effects of marginal subduction and collision with surrounding blocks. In the lower crust, the ancient components of the craton were reworked in Paleoarchean (3.80–3.65 Ga) time. The craton also experienced two important accretionary episodes, in the Neoarchean (2.8–2.5 Ga) and the Paleoproterozoic (2.3–1.8 Ga). Asthenospheric upwelling in Neoproterozoic time (0.6 Ga) locally modified the lower crust. Subduction and collision of the surrounding blocks, such as the Yangtze Craton, in Paleozoic and in early Mesozoic time also strongly modified the lower crust, especially along the cratonic margins. Accretion and modification of the lower crust during late Mesozoic–Paleogene were obvious due to the addition of depleted-mantle materials (underplating).

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Acknowledgments

This study was financially supported by the 973 project (2012CB416604), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41130315, 91214204, 41520104003) and the MSF GPMR06.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Jianping Zheng, Ying Wei, Xianquan Ping, Huayun Tang, Yuping Su, Yilong Li, Zhiyong Li & Bing Xia

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  1. Jianping Zheng
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  2. Ying Wei
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  3. Xianquan Ping
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  4. Huayun Tang
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  5. Yuping Su
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  7. Zhiyong Li
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  8. Bing Xia
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Correspondence to Jianping Zheng .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Mingguo Zhai

  2. Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Institute of Geomechanics, Beijing, China

    Yue Zhao

  3. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Guangzhou, China

    Taiping Zhao

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Zheng, J. et al. (2016). Lower Crustal Accretion and Reworking Beneath the North China Craton: Evidences from Granulite Xenoliths. In: Zhai, M., Zhao, Y., Zhao, T. (eds) Main Tectonic Events and Metallogeny of the North China Craton. Springer Geology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1064-4_22

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