Skip to main content

The Joint Strength of Timber Connected with Adhesively Bonded-in GFRP Rod

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
InCIEC 2015

Abstract

This paper reports the investigation made on the timber beam jointed with adhesively bonded-in pultruded rod into timber by using a various parameters such as different types of timber (Keruing and White Meranti) and number of rods. The aim of this study is to determine the best configuration of the joint by varying the number of rods. Pull-out tests of bonded-in rod specimens were conducted (at parallel and perpendicular to grain) in order to determine the shear strength capacity of the adhesively bonded-in joint. Meanwhile the tensile tests of jointed beam were conducted for determining the joint strength of the beam jointed with adhesively pultruded rods. The tests were conducted in accordance with ASTM D5764: 1995. The limitations of this study are; rod size is 8 mm and glueline thickness is 2 mm based on previous study. The shear strength of the bonded joint increases as the density increases. For tensile test, the results show that as the number of connectors increase, the joint capacity also increases.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. H. J. Larsen, “Introduction: Fasteners, Joints and Composite Structures,” In: Thelandersson S, Larsen H J - Timber Engineering. Ed. by S. Thelandersson, H.J. Larsen, Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  2. W. S. Thompson, “Adverse environments and related design consideration – chemical effect in Structural uses of wood in adverse environments,” Edited by R.W. Meyer and R.M. Kellog. Van Nodtrand Reinhold Company, New York. pp. 117–130, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  3. C. R. Walker, F. S. Fonseca, J. P. Judd and P. R. Thorley, “Tensile Capacity of Timber-Frame Mortise and Tenon Connections,” 10th World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE), Miyazaki, Japan. 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  4. C. J. Johansson, T. Pizzi and M. Van Leemput, “Wood adhesion and glued products,” Working group 2: Glued wood products. State of the art report. Glued wood products. COST Action E13, 1st Edition, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  5. K. Harvey, “Improved timber connection using bonded-in GFRP rods. PHD thesis, University of Bath, United Kingdom. 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Z. Ahmad, “Nano- and Micro-particle filled epoxy-based adhesive for in-situ timber bonding,” PHD thesis, University of Bath, United Kingdom. 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  7. G. Mays and A. R. Hutchinson, “Adhesive in engineering,” Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  8. G. Davis and C. J. Mettem, “The use of resin adhesives in the repair of structural timber members,” Structural studies, repair and maintenance of historical buildings, S. Sanchezbeitia and C. A. Barebbia (ed.), Advances in Architecture Series 3, Comp. Mech. Ltd, Southampton, pp. 531–540. 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  9. M. Davis and D. Bond, “Principles and practices of adhesive bonded structural joints and repairs,” Int. J. Adhesion and Adhesives, pp. 19, 91–105. 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  10. L. J. Hart-Smith, “Design of adhesively bonded joints,” In joining Fibre-Reinforced Plastics, F. L. Mattews, (ed.), Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Ltd. 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  11. R. J. Bainbridge, C. Mettem, K. Harvey and M. Ansell, “Bonded-in rod connections for timber structures- Development of design methods and test observation,” International Journal Adhesion and Adhesives, pp. 22, 47–79. 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  12. R. J. Bainbridge and C. J. Mettem, “Bonded-rods for timber structures,” Towards a European basis for structural design. Adhesive in timber systems, Society of Chemistry Industry, London. 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  13. G. P. Anderson, S. J. Bennet and K. L. De Veries, “Analysis and testing of adhesive bonds,” Academic Press, New York. 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  14. J. G. Broughton and A. R. Hutchinson, “Effect of timber moisture content on bonded-in rods,” Construction and Building Materials. pp. 15, 17–25. 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  15. J. G. Broughton and A. R. Hutchinson, “Efficient timber connection using bonded-in GFRP rods,” Composite Construction, Figueiras et al., A Balkema, Rotterdam, ISBN 90-5809-260-7, pp. 275–280. 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  16. E. Gehri, “Ductile behaviour and group effect of glued-in steel rods,” In: S. Aicher, H.W. Reinhardt - Joints in Timber Structures, RILEM Publications, Paris, pp. 333–342. 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  17. J. L. Hart-Smith, “Further developments in the design and analysis of adhesively-bonded structural joints,” Doughlas Aircraft Report No. 6922, Long Beach, CA, USA. 1980.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank all the technical staffs in heavy structure laboratory, Faculty of Civil Engineering for their assistance. Gratitude also extended to the final year students who helped in manufacturing the samples.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Reza Andasht Kazeroon .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore

About this paper

Cite this paper

Ahmad, Z., Kazeroon, R.A. (2016). The Joint Strength of Timber Connected with Adhesively Bonded-in GFRP Rod. In: Yusoff, M., Hamid, N., Arshad, M., Arshad, A., Ridzuan, A., Awang, H. (eds) InCIEC 2015. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0155-0_71

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0155-0_71

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-10-0154-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-10-0155-0

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics