Abstract
The effective development and implementation of open data initiatives requires governance in order to avoid gaps, duplications, contradictions and missed opportunities. Appropriate governance instruments should be established to coordinate the activities and contributions of different stakeholders. This chapter reviews the governance of open data initiatives worldwide, using a governance instruments approach as introduced by public administration researchers to analyse coordination and governance in the public sector. Six sets of governance instruments in the governance of open data initiatives are identified: collective decision-making structures, strategic management, allocation of tasks and responsibilities, creation of markets, interorganizational culture and knowledge management, and regulation and formalization of open data initiatives. The chapter shows how each of these six sets of instruments have been applied in various countries in the governance of nation-wide open data initiatives.
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Notes
- 1.
Bouckaert et al. 2010.
- 2.
Box 2013.
- 3.
Lynn et al. 2000.
- 4.
Kooiman 1999.
- 5.
Hall 2011.
- 6.
- 7.
Martin et al. 2013.
- 8.
Lee and Kwak 2012.
- 9.
Jetzek 2016.
- 10.
- 11.
Lammerhirt 2017.
- 12.
- 13.
Ansell and Torfing 2016.
- 14.
Verhoest et al. 2007.
- 15.
HRM stands for Human Resource Management.
- 16.
Crompvoets and Ho 2017.
- 17.
- 18.
White House 2009.
- 19.
White House 2012.
- 20.
Great Britain HM Treasury 2009.
- 21.
Australian Government 2010.
- 22.
An introduction to and discussion of both initiatives is provided in Chap. 2 of this book.
- 23.
Styrin et al. 2017.
- 24.
- 25.
ASEDIE 2017.
- 26.
Riksarkivet 2016.
- 27.
GovLab and Fondazione Bruno Kessler 2018.
- 28.
Lippert 2010.
- 29.
Ministry of Finance 2015.
- 30.
Šebesta et al. 2017.
- 31.
6 P (2004).
- 32.
See Chap. 10 of this book.
- 33.
See Chap. 11 of this book.
- 34.
See Chap. 13 of this book.
- 35.
See Chap. 3 of this book for an overview of ways to involve users.
- 36.
Etalab 2013.
- 37.
Cabinet Office 2011.
- 38.
Bundesministerium des Innern 2015.
- 39.
Agenzia per l’Italia Digitale 2016.
- 40.
Government of India 2016.
- 41.
Group of 8 2013.
- 42.
European Commission 2014.
- 43.
Office of Management and Budget 2013.
- 44.
- 45.
Government of Canada 2018.
- 46.
Janssen and Crompvoets 2012.
- 47.
- 48.
OpenDataMonitor 2015.
- 49.
See Chap. 6 of this Volume for a critical discussion of open data licenses.
- 50.
The National Archives 2018.
- 51.
State Services Commission 2010.
- 52.
Etalab 2017.
- 53.
Bouckaert et al. 2010.
- 54.
Dipartimento per la digitalizzazione della pubblica amministrazione e l’innovazione tecnologica 2011.
- 55.
Premier Ministre & Etalab 2013.
- 56.
Australian Government 2015.
- 57.
White House 2013a.
- 58.
OECD 2014.
- 59.
OECD 2016a.
- 60.
Lippert 2010.
- 61.
Government of Canada 2014.
- 62.
http://opendataday.org/. Accessed May 2018.
- 63.
Ministry of Public Administration and Security 2013.
- 64.
OECD 2016b.
- 65.
Bundestag 2017.
- 66.
Premier Ministre 2011.
- 67.
Ministerio de la Presidencia 2011.
- 68.
White House 2013b.
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Acknowledgements
This research is part of the project ‘Effective Governance of Open Spatial Data’ (E-GOS). This project is supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 706999.
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Vancauwenberghe, G., Crompvoets, J. (2018). Governance of Open Data Initiatives. In: van Loenen, B., Vancauwenberghe, G., Crompvoets, J. (eds) Open Data Exposed. Information Technology and Law Series, vol 30. T.M.C. Asser Press, The Hague. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-261-3_5
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