Abstract
Economic development—as a process, practice, and profession—has historically been informed by the experiences of developed nations. To that end, the growth and expansion of the so-called cluster approach developed by Porter (1990) has been heavily dependent upon the experiences of North America and Europe. Yet, research demonstrates that the dynamics of economic development, associated manufacturing, and urbanization in developing nations is distinct (Thakur 1974, 1979). Insofar as the approach has been widely embraced in a variety of peripheral and developing contexts to enhance the overall competitiveness of nations or specific industries, this chapter examines the trajectories of four transitioning clusters in India, Nigeria, and Brazil. This chapter defines cluster-based economic development, provides select examples of active projects in developing nations, and discusses the unique challenges facing the implementation of cluster initiatives in non-Western contexts.
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Acknowledgments
This paper has benefited from the insights of Dr. Bruce Smith (Bowling Green State University) as well as his continued collaboration on related projects. Additionally, the authors appreciate the feedback of Dr. Rajiv Thakur (Missouri State University, West Plains).
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Reid, N., Gatrell, J.D. (2016). Cluster-Based Economic Development: Four Cases for Context in Developing Regions. In: Dutt, A., Noble, A., Costa, F., Thakur, R., Thakur, S. (eds) Spatial Diversity and Dynamics in Resources and Urban Development. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9786-3_10
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