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Parasites of Ammonoids

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Ammonoid Paleobiology: From anatomy to ecology

Part of the book series: Topics in Geobiology ((TGBI,volume 43))

Abstract

Extant cephalopods are commonly infested by parasites making it plausible that ammonoids also had parasites. We review the fossil evidence of parasitic infestations in ammonoids, which, due to low preservation potential of soft-tissues in ammonoids and parasites, are mainly recorded as shell pathologies on the external shell interpreted to be caused by parasites. Extant nautilids are of little help to interpret these structures as they only harbor parasitic copepods. Pathologies analogous to those found in ammonoids that are caused by parasites are common in extant bivalves and gastropods. The position of these features might reveal their parasitic nature. The restriction of these structures to certain ammonoid lineages suggests both the influence of phylogeny and the potential role of ecology (feeding, mode of life) on infestation risks. Other long-term associations with detriment to ammonoids such as epizoa and bioeroders as well as their possible confusion with parasitism are briefly discussed.

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Acknowledgements

Some of the materials and studies used for this contribution resulted from research which was carried out in the research projects with the numbers 200021–113956⁄ 1, 200020–25029, and 200020–132870 funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation SNF. We would like to thank: Matthias López Correa (Geozentrum Nordbayern, Erlangen), Barbara Seuß (Geozentrum Nordbayern, Erlangen) and Max Wisshak (Senckenberg am Meer, Wilhelmshaven) for discussions on bioerosion in extant molluscs; Carlo Romano (Palaontologisches Institut und Museum, Zürich) for helping with obtaining literature; Aleksandr Mironenko (Moscow) and Mikhail Rogov (Geological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow) for help with Russian literature. We thank the reviewers Arnaud Brayard (Université de Bourgogne, Dijon), Isabella Kruta (AMNH, New York) and Joshua Slattery (University of South Florida) for their constructive comments and suggestions. John Huntley (University of Missouri) proofread an earlier draft of the manuscript.

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  1. GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Fachgruppe PaläoUmwelt, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Loewenichstraße 28, 91054, Erlangen, Germany

    Kenneth De Baets

  2. Institute of Geological Sciences, Branch Palaeontology, Freie Universität Berlin, 12249, Berlin, Germany

    Helmut Keupp

  3. Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, University of Zurich, Karl Schmid-Strasse 6, 8006, Zürich, Switzerland

    Christian Klug

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Correspondence to Kenneth De Baets .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland

    Christian Klug

  2. Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions und Biodiversitätsforschung, Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany

    Dieter Korn

  3. GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany

    Kenneth De Baets

  4. Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA

    Isabelle Kruta

  5. North Carolina Museum of Natural Science, Raleigh, USA

    Royal H. Mapes

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Baets, K., Keupp, H., Klug, C. (2015). Parasites of Ammonoids. In: Klug, C., Korn, D., De Baets, K., Kruta, I., Mapes, R. (eds) Ammonoid Paleobiology: From anatomy to ecology. Topics in Geobiology, vol 43. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9630-9_20

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