Abstract
In Europe, fisherwomen’s organisations were developed mainly during the 1990s. The need for fisherwomen to become organised or to develop networks has often arisen in response to crises affecting the fisheries industry. The usual pattern was for women to protest against policies that threatened the survival of artisanal fisheries and to seek an improvement in living conditions in their communities. By establishing organisations, women sought to obtain recognition for their contribution to the fisheries industry and to their family enterprises in particular. This chapter will explore the reasons for the establishment of women’s organisations in fisheries and aquaculture around Europe and will highlight the main benefits and constraints that these women’s groups are now facing. The main objective is to shed light on a hidden part of the fisheries industry and to contribute to the visibility of women participating in this industry.
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Notes
- 1.
The definition of the term ‘fisherwomen ’ used in this chapter includes all women contributing to the family fishing enterprise (spouse, mother, sisters, etc.), women involved in fish harvesting and wives of crew members.
- 2.
FEMMES is a thematic network funded by the Quality of Life programme of the European Union Commission-DG Fish, contract n°Q5TN-2002-5th.
- 3.
The European Network AKTEA regrouped women’s organisations in fisheries and aquaculture was established in 2006. It is a result of the FEMMES programme.
- 4.
- 5.
Projects NEXUS-REDE, PIC- EQUAL, C.E.E.
- 6.
Sentencia No. 262/07 juicio ordinario No. 610/07, Juzgado de Primera Instancia No. 23 de Valencia.
- 7.
The Spanish Constitution is the main law in Spain .
- 8.
Council Directive 86/613, Article 6, on the application of the principle of equal treatment between men and women engaged in an activity, including agriculture, in a self-employed capacity and on the protection of self-employed women during pregnancy and motherhood.
- 9.
Arrêté du 31 décembre 2007 relatif à la délivrance du brevet de collaborateur de chef d’entreprise artisanale m maritime, J.O. du 8 février 2008.
- 10.
2nd AKTEA Conference, Annalong April 2007.
- 11.
CE 2004/585/EC, J.O. 3.8.2004.
- 12.
Interview with the facilitator of Estrela do Mar, February 2008.
- 13.
European Network AKTEA : Response to the Green Paper “Reform of the Common Fisheries Policy, www//fishwomen.org.
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Frangoudes, K., Pascual-Fernández, J., Marugán-Pintos, B. (2014). Women’s Organisations in Fisheries and Aquaculture in Europe: History and Future Propects. In: Urquhart, J., Acott, T., Symes, D., Zhao, M. (eds) Social Issues in Sustainable Fisheries Management. MARE Publication Series, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7911-2_12
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