Abstract
Legislation to decrease pesticide use in European agriculture has given renewed importance to integrated pest management (IPM). The adoption of IPM on all farms in Member States by 2014 is the main pillar of the European Union (EU) strategy to mitigate the negative impact of rapid pesticide removals on European food production. Legislation under the EU’s ‘Thematic Strategy for the Sustainable Use of Pesticides’ is directed primarily at minimizing the impact of pesticide use on the environment and human health and does not promote IPM directly. In the absence of IPM technologies which can deliver significant decreases in pesticide use while maintaining the productivity and profitability of agricultural and horticultural enterprises, further action will be required to develop and promote IPM and to ensure that IPM adoption results in a decrease in total pesticide use. All Member States are required to develop National Action Plans (NAPs) for pesticide reduction and implementation of IPM. The approach in the NAPs differs between EU countries and the United Kingdom (UK); the UK Government favors voluntary measures and aims to decrease the non-target effects of pesticides, not necessarily a decrease in pesticide use. In the EU Framework Directive on the sustainable use of pesticides, there are eight general principles for integrated pest management and this chapter describes how each of these is being addressed in UK agriculture.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- ADAS:
-
Agricultural Development Advisory Service (UK)
- AHDB:
-
Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board
- AES:
-
Agri-environment Schemes
- AFS:
-
Assured Food Standards
- BAP:
-
Biodiversity Action Plan
- BBRO:
-
British Beef Research Organization
- CPMP:
-
Crop Protection Management Plan
- CRD:
-
Chemicals Regulation Directorate
- CRP:
-
Crop Protection Association
- DEFRA:
-
Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (UK)
- EC:
-
European Commission
- ELC:
-
European Landscape Convention
- ELS:
-
Entry Level Stewardship
- ES:
-
Environmental Stewardship
- EU:
-
European Union
- FERA:
-
Food and Environment Research Agency
- FRAC:
-
Fungicide Resistance Action Committee
- INRA:
-
The Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
- IPM:
-
Integrated Pest Management
- IRAC:
-
Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
- HLS:
-
Higher Level Stewardship
- HGCA:
-
Home Grown Cereals Authority
- MS:
-
Member State (of the EU)
- NAP:
-
National Action Plan
- NIAB:
-
National Institute of Agricultural Botany
- NRoSO:
-
National Register of Spray Operators
- NSTS:
-
National Sprayer Testing Scheme
- PGRO:
-
Pulse Growers Research Organization
- RDPE:
-
Rural Development Programme for England
- SSSI:
-
Sites of Special Scientific Interest
- SUD:
-
Sustainable Use Directive
- TSSP:
-
Thematic Strategy on the Sustainable Use of Pesticides
- VI:
-
Voluntary Initiative
- WBM:
-
Wheat Blossom Midge
- WFD:
-
Water Framework Directive
- WRAC:
-
Weed Resistance Action Committee
References
ADAS. (2008). Evaluation of the Impact on UK Agriculture of the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council Concerning the Placing of Plant Protection Products on the Market. UK: Agricultural Development & Advisory Services.
Bailey, A. S., Bertaglia, M., Fraser, I. M., Sharma, A., & Douarin, E. (2009). Integrated pest management portfolios in UK arable farming: Results of a farmer survey. Pest Management Science, 65(4), 1030–1039.
Bale, J. S., van Lentern, J. C., & Bigler, F. (2008). Biological control and sustainable food production. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 363(1492), 761–776.
CropMonitor (2012). http://www.cropmonitor.co.uk/. Accessed 1 March 2014.
DEFRA. (2006a). UK Pesticides Strategy: A Strategy for the Sustainable Use of Plant Protection Products. Crown Copyright. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/Resources/CRD/Migrated-esources/Documents/U/Updated_National_Strategy.pdf. Accessed July 2012.
DEFRA. (2006b). The Code of Practice for Using Plant Protection Products. Crown copyright, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/farmers_growers_home.asp #Codes_of_Practice. Accessed July 2012.
DEFRA. (2010). Fertilizer Manual RB209 (8th ed., p. 257). UK: The Stationery Office.
DEFRA. (2012). Pesticide Usage Survey Reports. http://www.fera.defra.gov.uk/scienceResearch/science/lus/pesticideUsageFullReports.cfm. Accessed July 2012.
Ellis, S., Berry, P., & Walters, K. (2009). A review of invertebrate pest thresholds. HGCA Research Review No.73, Home Grown Cereals Authority, UK. http://www.hgca.com/publications/documents/cropresearch/RR73.pdf. Accessed July 2012.
Fraaije, B. A., Lucas, J. A., Clark, W. S., & Burnett, F. J. (2003). QoI resistance development in populations of cereal pathogens in the UK. Proceedings British Crop Protection International Congress, 2, 689–694.
FRAG. (2011). Fungicide Resistance Management in Cereals. Fungicide Resistance Action Group, UK. http://www.pesticides.gov.uk/Resources/CRD/Migrated-Resources/Documents/F/FRAG_Cereals_Resistance_guidelines_v4_March_2011.pdf. Accessed July 2012.
Goldsworthy, P. (2006). The Voluntary Initiative: Successes and Future Challenges. Crop Protection Association. http://www.hgca.com/publications/documents/cropresearch/Paper_17_Patrick_Goldsworthy.pdf. Accessed July 2012.
HGCA. (2003). Pest Management in Cereals and Oilseed Rape—A Guide. Home Grown Cereals Authority. http://adlib.everysite.co.uk/resources/000/250/907/HGCA_pest_mgt_cereals_and_OSR.pdf. Accessed July 2012.
HGCA. (2009). Pesticide availability for cereals and oilseeds following revision of Directive 91/414/EEC; effects of losses and new research priorities. (2008). Research Review No. 70, Home Grown Cereals Authority, UK. http://www.hgca.com/publications/documents/cropresearch/RR70_Research_ReviewX.pdf. Accessed July 2012.
HGCA. (2012a). Wheat Disease Management Guide. Home Grown Cereals Authority. http://adlib.everysite.co.uk/resources/000/160/665/G54_Wheat_disease_management_guide_2012.pdf. Accessed July 2012.
HGCA. (2012b). Wheat Bulb Fly: Risk Assessment and Control. Topic Sheet No. 118, Home Grown Cereals Authority. http://www.hgca.com/cms_publications.output/2/2/Publications/On-farm%20information/Wheat%20bulb%20fly%E2%80%93%20risk%20assessment%20and%20control.mspx?fn=show&pubcon=9062. Accessed July 2012.
HGCA. (2012c). Controlling Pollen Beetle and Combating Insecticide Resistance in Oilseed Rape. Information Sheet No.13, Home Grown Cereals Authority. http://www.hgca.com/cms_publications.output/2/2/Publications/Publication/Controlling%20pollen%20beetle%20and%20combating%20insecticide%20resistance%20in%20oilseed%20rape.mspx?fn=show&pubcon=8521. Accessed July 2012.
Hillocks, R. J. (2011). Farming with fewer pesticides: EU pesticide review and resulting challenges for UK agriculture. Crop Protection, 31(1), 85–93.
INRA. (2010). Ecophyto R & D: Which options to reduce pesticide use? http://www.international.inra.fr/the_institute/advanced_studies/ecophyto_r_d. Accessed June 2012.
Lenteren, J. C. van (2000). A greenhouse without pesticides: Fact or fantasy? Crop Protection, 19(6), 375–384.
Natural England. (2009). Agri-environment schemes in England 2009—a review of results and effectiveness. http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/publications. Accessed July 2012.
Roteveel, T., Jorgensen, L. N., & Heimbach, U. (2011). Resistance management in Europe: A preliminary proposal for the determination of a minimum number of active substances necessary to manage resistance. EPPO Bulletin, 41(3), 432–438.
Stern, V. M., Smith, R. F., van den Bosch, R., & Hagen, K. S. (1959). The integration of chemical and biological control of the spotted alfalfa aphid. Hilgardia, 29(1), 81–101.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Clark, B., Hillocks, R. (2014). Integrated Pest Management for European Agriculture. In: Pimentel, D., Peshin, R. (eds) Integrated Pest Management. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7796-5_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7796-5_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-7795-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-7796-5
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)