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Natriuretic Peptides for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Management of Heart Failure

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General Methods in Biomarker Research and their Applications

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Abstract

Heart failure is a complex syndrome that affects millions of people, and the incidence is rising steeply. The use of biomarkers, and especially the natriuretic peptides, has been increasingly investigated to assist in the care of these patients. Since the discovery of the natriuretic peptides over 30 years ago, significant progress in understanding these molecules has been achieved. The biological effects of the natriuretic peptides consist primarily of fluid balance, vasodilation, and maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis, and the primary trigger of natriuretic peptide release is cardiac myocyte stretch from either volume or pressure overload. Over the last several years, multiple studies have been conducted involving particularly B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) which focused on the utility of both for the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of heart failure. These studies have resulted in establishing a crucial role for the natriuretic peptides as an adjunct to clinical assessment of these complicated patients. In addition to their use in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, data continue to emerge regarding their utility in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction as well as for heart failure screening. In the future, measurement of natriuretic peptides will be increasingly useful for personalized care of patients with heart failure and further integrated into routine care of patients with a wide array of related cardiac conditions.

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Abbreviations

ADHF:

Acutely Decompensated Heart Failure

ANP:

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide

BACH:

Biomarkers in Acute Heart Failure

BASEL:

B-type Natriuretic Peptide for Acute Shortness of Breath Evaluation

BATTLESCARRED:

NT-proBNP-Assisted Treatment to Lessen Serial Cardiac Readmissions and Death

BNP:

B-type Natriuretic Peptide

CNP:

C-type Natriuretic Peptide

EF:

Ejection Fraction

GISSI-HF:

Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell’Insufficienza Cardiaca–Heart Failure

HF:

Heart Failure

HFpEF:

Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

HFrEF:

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction

IMPROVE-CHF:

Improved Management of Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

LV:

Left Ventricle

MR-proANP:

Mid-regional Pro-atrial Natriuretic Peptide

NT-proBNP:

Amino-Terminal Pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide

PRIDE:

ProBNP Investigation of Dyspnea in the Emergency Department

PROTECT:

ProBNP Outpatient Tailored Chronic HF Therapy

RAAS:

Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System

STOP-HF:

St. Vincent’s Screening to Prevent HF; Natriuretic Peptide-Based Screening and Collaborative Care for Heart Failure

TIME-CHF:

Trial of Intensified Versus Standard Medical Therapy in Elderly Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

Val-HeFT:

Valsartan Heart Failure Trial

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Yawkey 5962, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Parul Gandhi & James L. Januzzi Jr.

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  1. Parul Gandhi
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  2. James L. Januzzi Jr.
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Correspondence to James L. Januzzi Jr. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College, London, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

  2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom

    Vinood B. Patel

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Gandhi, P., Januzzi Jr., J.L. (2014). Natriuretic Peptides for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Management of Heart Failure. In: Preedy, V., Patel, V. (eds) General Methods in Biomarker Research and their Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7740-8_12-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7740-8_12-1

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