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Global Movement and Homogenisation of Biota: Challenges to the Environmental Management of Antarctica?

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Antarctic Futures

Abstract

Globally, many thousands of species have been redistributed beyond their natural dispersal ranges as a result of human activities. The introduction of non-native species can have severe consequences for indigenous biota with changes in both ecosystem structure and function. The Antarctic region has not escaped this threat. The introduction of invasive species, including vertebrates, invertebrates and plants, has altered substantially the ecosystems of many sub-Antarctic islands. In contrast, the Antarctic continent itself currently has few confirmed non-native species, but numbers are increasing. Possible future increases in human presence in the region, either through tourism, governmental operators or other commercial activities, will increase the risk of further non-native species introductions, while climate change may enhance the likelihood of establishment and range expansion. Ensuring effective biosecurity measures are implemented throughout the Antarctic region in a timely manner is an urgent challenge for the Antarctic Treaty nations and the Antarctic community as a whole.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    We use the term ‘Antarctica’ to refer to the continent in a geographical sense, and ‘the Antarctic’ in a biogeographical sense, i.e. including the sub-Antarctic islands.

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Acknowledgments

This paper is a contribution to the IPY ‘Aliens in Antarctica’ programme and SCAR EBA (Evolution and Biodiversity in Antarctica) research programmes and the British Antarctic Survey’s Polar Science for Planet Earth core programme Ecosystems and EO-LTMS (Environment Office—Long Term Monitoring and Survey). We are grateful to Dana Bergstrom for reviewing this chapter and making valuable suggestions for improving it. Ad H.L. Huiskes acknowledges the financial support of the Dutch IPY programme for his participation in the IPY ‘Aliens in Antarctica’ programme (grant no. 850.20.040 administered by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK

    Kevin A. Hughes & Peter Convey

  2. Netherlands Institute of Ecology, P.O. Box 140, 4400 AC, Yerseke, The Netherlands

    Ad H. L. Huiskes

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  1. Kevin A. Hughes
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Correspondence to Kevin A. Hughes .

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  1. Challes-les-Eaux, Savoie, France

    Tina Tin

  2. Gateway Antarctica University of Canterbury, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand

    Daniela Liggett

  3. University of Northern British Columbia Outdoor Recreation & Tourism Management, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada

    Patrick T Maher

  4. Environmental Policy Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    Machiel Lamers

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Hughes, K.A., Convey, P., Huiskes, A.H.L. (2014). Global Movement and Homogenisation of Biota: Challenges to the Environmental Management of Antarctica?. In: Tin, T., Liggett, D., Maher, P., Lamers, M. (eds) Antarctic Futures. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6582-5_5

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