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Biochemical Parameters of Arable Chernozem in Long-Term Field Experiments

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Soil as World Heritage

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Abstract

The biochemistry of cultivated chernozem was investigated using microbial eco-physiological indicators and specific enzymatic activities. Soil-specific biochemical properties (soil FDA hydrolase, urease and protease activities) responded to fertilizer application more than general biochemical attributes (microbial biomass carbon, basal soil respiration, microbial and metabolic quotients).

Compared with Typical chernozem in northern Moldova, Calcareous chernozem in the south-east of the country is more stressed but, despite lesser stocks of soil organic carbon, it provides more carbon for microbial growth and maintenance. Under maize, the microbial quotient of Calcareous chernozem (1.7–1.8 %) was twice that in Typical chernozem; basal respiration (2.33 μgCO2-C/g dry soil/ha) was 3.0–4.5 times higher; and the metabolic quotient reached 9.2–9.4 mg CO2-C/g Cmic/ha, 2.6–3.8 times higher. On Calcareous chernozem, ploughless cultivation contributed to increases in soil organic carbon, microbial biomass and microbial quotient – but did not increase crop yields.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Typical chernozem and Leached chernozem are equivalent to Haplic chernozem in World reference base for soil resources 2006; Calcareous chernozem is equivalent to Calcic chernozem.

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Acknowledgements

I thank Prof B Boincean and Dr L Nica (Selectia RIFC at Balti) and Dr V Gnidiuc (Chetrosu, ASUM) for the opportunity to sample soils from the long-term experiments and also researchers Oxana Daraban, Iana Druta and Olga Ursachi and undergraduate student Anna Hanganu for experimental assistance. I am grateful to Academician S Toma for valuable advice on data analysis.

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  1. Institute of Genetics and Plant Physiology, MAS, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova

    E. Emnova

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  1. E. Emnova
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Correspondence to E. Emnova .

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  1. Chestnut Tree Farmhouse, Norfolk, United Kingdom

    David Dent

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Emnova, E. (2014). Biochemical Parameters of Arable Chernozem in Long-Term Field Experiments. In: Dent, D. (eds) Soil as World Heritage. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6187-2_7

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