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Tetraspanins and Immunity

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Tetraspanins

Part of the book series: Proteins and Cell Regulation ((PROR,volume 9))

Abstract

Studies of tetraspanins in cells of the immune system were the first to reveal the interactions of tetraspanins with each other and with their associated molecular partners. The extensive knowledge of immune cell subsets, the functionally distinct molecules expressed by these cells, and the availability of specific antibody reagents has had a major impact on our understanding of how tetraspanins assemble in cell membranes, and how they affect the function of their partners. Here we briefly introduce the various cell types that partake in innate and adaptive immune functions. We then highlight the role of tetraspanins in both arms of the immune system. Tetraspanins influence immune cell migration and antigen presentation. Moreover, they are present on both sides of immune synapses, namely, on antigen presenting cells and on T cells. Indeed, deficiency of specific tetraspanins in both mice and humans results in immune impairments.

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Abbreviations

APC:

Antigen presenting cells

BCR:

B cell receptor

C:

Constant region gene

CTL:

Cytotoxic T cells

CVID:

Variable immunodeficiency disorder

D:

Diversity region gene

DCs:

Dendritic cells

FO:

Follicular

FRET:

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer

ICAM-1:

Intracellular adhesion molecule-1

IS:

Immune synapse

J:

Joining region gene

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

MHC:

Major histocompatibility molecules

MIICs:

MHC class II enriched compartments

MZ:

Marginal zone

NK:

Natural killer cells

PAMPs:

Pathogen associated molecular patterns

PRR:

Pattern recognition receptors

TCR:

T cell receptor

TEM:

Tetraspanin-enriched microdomains

Th:

T helper cells

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

Treg:

Regulatory T cells

V:

Variable region genes

VCAM:

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1

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Acknowledgements

Mark Wright is the recipient of grants from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council, and the Anti Cancer Council of Victoria. Shoshana Levy is the recipient of grants from the Leukemia Lymphoma Society and the National Institutes of Health. The authors thank Annemiek van Spriel, Po Ki Ho and Frank Alderuccio for their critical reading of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, Monash University, AMREP campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Mark D. Wright

  2. Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA

    Shoshana Levy

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  1. Mark D. Wright
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  2. Shoshana Levy
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Correspondence to Shoshana Levy .

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  1. , School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom

    Fedor Berditchevski

  2. INSERM U1004, Av. Paul Vaillant Couturier 14, Villejuif, F-94807, France

    Eric Rubinstein

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Wright, M.D., Levy, S. (2013). Tetraspanins and Immunity. In: Berditchevski, F., Rubinstein, E. (eds) Tetraspanins. Proteins and Cell Regulation, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6070-7_10

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