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Climate Changes in Siberia

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Regional Environmental Changes in Siberia and Their Global Consequences

Part of the book series: Springer Environmental Science and Engineering ((SPRINGERENVIRON))

Abstract

This chapter provides observational evidence of climatic variations in Siberia for three time scales: during the past 10,000 years, during the past millennium prior to instrumental observations, and for the past 130 years during the period of large-scale meteorological observations. The observational evidence is appended with the global climate model projections for the twenty-first century based on the most probable scenarios of the future dynamics of the major anthropogenic and natural factors responsible for contemporary climatic changes. Historically, climate of Siberia varied broadly. It was both warmer and colder than the present. However, during the past century, it became much warmer; the cold season precipitation north of 55°N increased, but no rainfall increase over most of Siberia has occurred. This led to drier summer conditions and to increased possibility of droughts and fire weather. Projections of the future climate indicate the further temperature increases, more in the cold season and less in the warm season, significant changes in the hydrological cycle in Central and southern Siberia (summer dryness), ecosystems’ shifts, and changes in the permafrost distribution and stability. Observed and projected frequencies of various extreme events have increased recently and are projected to further increase. While in the north of Siberia, contemporary models predict warmer winters at the end of the twenty-first century and paleoreconstructions hint to warmer summers compared to the present warming observed during the period of instrumental observations. These three groups of estimates are broadly consistent with each other.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. NOAA National Climatic Data Center, Asheville, NC, USA

    Pavel Ya. Groisman

  2. State Hydrological Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

    Pavel Ya. Groisman, Irena I. Borzenkova & Nina A. Speranskaya

  3. Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation

    Tatiana A. Blyakharchuk

  4. A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

    Alexander V. Chernokulsky, Maksim M. Arzhanov, Andrey A. Karpenko, Vyacheslav Ch. Khon & Igor I. Mokhov

  5. Forest Ecology Laboratory, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy

    Luca Belelli Marchesini

  6. Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

    Esfir G. Bogdanova & Anna V. Meshcherskaya

  7. Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information – World Data Centre (RIHMI-WDC), Obninsk, Russian Federation

    Olga N. Bulygina & Vyacheslav N. Razuvaev

  8. V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk Akademgorodok, Russian Federation

    Lyudmila V. Karpenko, Elena I. Parfenova & Nadezhda M. Tchebakova

  9. North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA

    Richard W. Knight

  10. Center for Problems of Forest Ecology and Productivity, Moscow, Russian Federation

    Georgiy N. Korovin

  11. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

    Natalia N. Vygodskaya

Authors
  1. Pavel Ya. Groisman
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  2. Tatiana A. Blyakharchuk
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  3. Alexander V. Chernokulsky
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  4. Maksim M. Arzhanov
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  5. Luca Belelli Marchesini
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  6. Esfir G. Bogdanova
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  7. Irena I. Borzenkova
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  8. Olga N. Bulygina
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  9. Andrey A. Karpenko
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  10. Lyudmila V. Karpenko
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  11. Richard W. Knight
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  12. Vyacheslav Ch. Khon
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  13. Georgiy N. Korovin
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  14. Anna V. Meshcherskaya
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  15. Igor I. Mokhov
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  16. Elena I. Parfenova
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  17. Vyacheslav N. Razuvaev
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  18. Nina A. Speranskaya
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  19. Nadezhda M. Tchebakova
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  20. Natalia N. Vygodskaya
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pavel Ya. Groisman .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Administration (NOAA), National Oceanic & Atmospheric, Patton Avenue 151, Asheville, 28801-5001, North Carolina, USA

    Pavel Ya. Groisman

  2. NASA Headquarters, E. Street, SW 300, Washington,, 20546, District of Columbia, USA

    Garik Gutman

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© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Groisman, P.Y. et al. (2013). Climate Changes in Siberia. In: Groisman, P., Gutman, G. (eds) Regional Environmental Changes in Siberia and Their Global Consequences. Springer Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4569-8_3

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