Skip to main content

Complex Roots and Branches of Antisocial Behavior

  • Reference work entry
Handbook of Child Well-Being

Abstract

This chapter describes the roots and branches of antisocial behavior, or the developmental precursors and consequences of antisocial behavior in children and youth. In addition to focusing on antisocial behavior, it also deals with two related concepts of interest, namely, social competence and well-being. The developmental characteristics of antisocial children and youth are presented along with their relationships to concepts like social competence and well-being. The multitheory foundation of antisocial behavior is presented, and special attention is given to Patterson’s (1982) theory of coercive family processes which represents the reciprocal view on social learning in child-parent interactions. This chapter also focuses on the normative development of aggression in the first years of life, and the developmental tasks facing most children as they grow up. Although not incompatible, different theoretical and empirical angles have been applied to the study of early development of aggression. These theories and related research have particular relevance to the challenges of early identification of and intervention for children at risk for antisocial development. Different assessment strategies are mentioned, exemplified by the medical-diagnostic and the clinical-developmental approaches. The association between antisocial behavior and resource-oriented concepts like social competence and well-being opens up new possibilities of assessing, preventing, and intervening in relation to externalizing problems. The lack of well-being among antisocial children and adolescents is an understudied topic, and conceptualizing antisocial behavior as social incompetence may have far-reaching implications for public education.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 1,799.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 3,499.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Integrative guide for the 1991 CBCL/4-18, YSR and TRF profiles. Burlington: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alink, L. R. A., Mesman, J., van Zeijl, J., Stolk, M. N., Juffer, F., Koot, H. M., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & van Ijzendoorn, H. H. (2006). The early childhood aggression-curve: Development of physical aggression in 10- to 50-month-old children. Child Development, 77, 954–966.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • APA. (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Archer, J. (2004). Sex differences in aggression in real-world settings: A meta-analytic review. Review of General Psychology, 8(4), 291–322.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baillargeon, R. H., Normand, C. L., SĂ©guin, J. R., Zoccolillo, M., Japel, C., PĂ©russe, D., Wu, H.-X., Boivin, M., & Tremblay, R. E. (2007a). The evolution of problem and social competence behaviors during toddlerhood: A prospective population-based cohort study. Infant Mental Health Journal, 28, 12–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baillargeon, R. H., Zocolillo, M., Keenan, K., CĂ´tĂ©, S., PĂ©russe, D., Wu, H.-X., & Tremblay, R. E. (2007b). Gender differences in physical aggression: A prospective population-based survey of children before and after 2 years of age. Developmental Psychology, 43, 13–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (l973). Aggression: A social learning analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, R. Q. (1968). A reinterpretation of direction of effects in studies of socialization. Psychological Review, 75, 81–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bendixen, M., & Olweus, D. (1999). Measurement of antisocial behavior in early adolescence and adolescence: Psychometric properties and substantive findings. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 9, 323–354.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bongers, I. L., Koot, H. M., van der Ende, J., & Verhulst, F. C. (2004). Developmental trajectories of externalizing behaviors in childhood and adolescence. Child Development, 75, 1523–1537.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burt, K. B., Obradovic, J., Long, J. D., & Masten, A. S. (2008). The interplay of social competence and psychopathology over 20 years: Testing transactional and cascade models. Child Development, 97, 359–374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, S. B., Shaw, D. S., & Gilliom, M. (2000). Early externalizing behavior problems: Toddlers and preschoolers at risk for later maladjustment. Development and Psychopathology, 12, 467–488.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caprara, G. V., Barabranelli, C., & Pastorelli, C. (2001). Prosocial behavior and aggression in childhood and pre-adolescence. In A. C. Bohart & D. J. Stipek (Eds.), Constructive and destructive behavior. Implications for family, school, and society. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Card, N. A., Stucky, B. D., Sawalani, G. M., & Little, T. D. (2008). Direct and indirect aggression during childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic review of gender differences, intercorrelations, and relations to maladjustment. Child Development, 79(5), 1185–1229.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caspi, A., & Silva, P. A. (1995). Temperamental qualities at age three predict personality traits in young adulthood: Longitudinal evidence from a birth cohort. Child Development, 66, 486–498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coie, J. D., & Dodge, K. A. (1998). Social, emotional, and personality development. In W. Damon & N. Eisenberg (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology (Social, emotional, and personality development 5th ed., Vol. 3). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crick, N. R., Casas, J. F., & Mosher, M. (1997). Relational and overt aggression in preschool. Developmental Psychology, 33, 579–588.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dishion, T. J., & Patterson, G. R. (2006). The development and ecology of antisocial behavior in children and adolescents. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohens (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology (Risk disorder and adaptation, Vol. 3). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, K. A. (2008). Framing public policy and prevention of chronic violence in American youths. American Psychologist, 63, 573–590.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Durlak, J. A., Weissberg, R. P., Dymnicki, A. B., Taylor, R. D., & Schellinger, K. B. (2011). The impact of enhancing students’ social and emotional learning: A meta-analysis of school-based universal interventions. Child Development, 82, 405–432.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eccles, J. S., & Midgley, C. (1989). Stage/environment fit: Developmentally appropriate classrooms for early adolescents. Research on Motivation in Education, 3, 139–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenberg, N. (Ed.). (2006). Volume 3: Social, emotional, and personality development. In W. Damon & R.M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology, 6th edn. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., Shepard, S. A., Murphy, B. C., Guthrie, I. K., Jones, S., et al. (1997). Contemporaneous and longitudinal prediction of children’s social functioning from regulation and emotionality. Child Development, 68, 642–664.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gustafsson, J.-E., Allodi, M., Westling, A., Akerman, B., Eriksson, C., Eriksson, L., Fischbein, S., Granlund, M., Gustafsson, P., Ljungdahl, S., Ogden, T., & Persson, R. S. (2010). School learning and mental health. A systematic review. Stockholm: The Health Committee, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hämäläinen, M., & Pulkkinen, L. (1995). Aggressive and non-prosocial behaviour as precursor of criminality. Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention, 4, 6–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hämäläinen, M., & Pulkkinen, L. (1996). Problem behaviour as a precursor of male criminality. Development and Psychopathology, 8, 443–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartup, W. W. (2005). The development of aggression. Where do we stand? In R. E. Tremblay, W. W. Hartup, & J. Archer (Eds.), Developmental origins of aggression. New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hay, D. (2005). The beginnings of aggression in infancy. In R. E. Tremblay, W. W. Hartup, & J. Archer (Eds.), Developmental origins of aggression. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heiervang, E., Stormark, K. M., Lundervold, A. J., Heiman, M., Goodman, R., Posserud, M. B., Ullebo, A. K., Plessen, K. J., Bjelland, I., Lie, S. A., & Gilleberg, C. (2007). Psychiatric disorders in Norwegian 8-to-10-year-olds: An epidemiological survey of prevalence, risk factors, and service use. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46, 438–447.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, J. (2003). Early identification of individuals at risk for antisocial personality disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 182, 11–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hipwell, A. E., & Loeber, R. (2006). Do we know which interventions are effective for disruptive and delinquent girls? Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 9, 221–255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaufmann, A. H. (l988). Antisosial atferd hos ungdom: En studie av psykologiske determinanter. Oslo: Sigma Forlag A/S.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. (1993). Adolescent mental health. Prevention and treatment programs. American Psychologist, 48, 127–141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kupersmidt, J. B., & Coie, J. D. (1990). Preadolescent peer status, aggression, and school adjustment as predictors of externalizing problems in adolescence. Child Development, 61, 1350–1362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kupersmidt, J. B., & Patterson, C. J. (1991). Childhood peer rejection, aggression, withdrawal, and perceived competence as predictors of self-reported behavior problems in preadolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 427–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lavigne, J. V., Cicchetti, C., Gibbons, R. D., Binns, H. J., Larsen, L., & DeVito, C. (2001). Oppositional defiant disorder with onset in preschool years: Longitudinal stability and pathways to other disorders. Journal of the Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 1393–1400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loeber, R. (l990). Development and risk factors of juvenile antisocial behavior and delinquency. Clinical Psychology Review, 10, 1–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loeber, R., & Farrington, D. P. (2001). Child delinquents. Development, intervention and service needs. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loeber, R., & Hay, D. F. (l994). Developmental approaches to aggression and conduct problems. In M. Rutter & D. F. Hay (Eds.), Development through life: A handbook for clinicians. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Scientific.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loeber, R., & Stouthammer-Lober, M. (1998). Development of juvenile aggression and violence. Some common misconceptions and controversies. American Psychologist, 53, 242–259.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loeber, R., Burke, J. D., Lahey, B., Winters, A., & Zera, M. (2000). Oppositional defiant and conduct disorder: A review of the past 10 years, Part I. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 1468–1484.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lundahl, B., Risser, H. J., & Lovejoy, M. C. (2006). A meta-analysis of parent training: Moderators and follow-up effects. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 86–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Masten, A., & Powell, J. L. (2003). A resilience framework for research, policy and practice. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability. Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Masten, A. S., Roisman, G. I., Long, J. D., Burt, K. B., Obradović, J., Riley, J. R., Boelcke-Stennes, K., & Tellegen, A. (2005). Developmental cascades: Linking academic achievement and externalizing and internalizing symptoms over 20 years. Developmental Psychology, 41, 733–746.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miner, J. L., & Alison Clarke-Stewart, K. (2008). Trajectories of externalizing behavior from age 2 to age 9: Relations with gender, temperament, ethnicity, parenting and rater. Developmental Psychology, 44(3), 771–786.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moffitt, T. E. (l993). Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100, 674–701.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Harrington, H., & Milne, B. J. (2002). Males on the life-course-persistent and adolescence-limited antisocial pathways: Follow-up at age 26 years. Development and Psychopathology, 14, 179–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moffitt, T., Caspi, A., Rutter, M., & Silva, P. A. (2001). Sex differences in antisocial behaviour. Conduct disorder, delinquency and violence in the Dunedin longitudinal study. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Nagin, D., & Tremblay, R. E. (1999). Trajectories of boys’ physical aggression, opposition, and hyperactivity on the path to physically violent and nonviolent juvenile delinquency. Child Development, 70, 1181–1196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ogden, T., & Amlund-Hagen, K. (2009). What works for whom? Gender differences in intake characteristics and treatment benefit of multisystemic therapy. Journal of Adolescence, 32, 1425–1435.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olweus, D. (l979). Stability of aggressive reaction patterns in males: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 852–875.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R. (1982). Coercive family process. Eugene, OR: Castalia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R. (1986). Performance models for antisocial boys. American Psychologist, 41, 432–444.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R. (2002). The early development of the coercive family process. In J. B. Reid, G. R. Patterson & J. J. Snyder (Eds.), Antisocial behavior in children and adolescents: A developmental analysis and a model for intervention. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., & Yoerger, K. (2002). A developmental model for early- and late-onset delinquency. In J. B. Reid, G. R. Patterson, & J. J. Snyder (Eds.), Antisocial behavior in children and adolescents: A developmental analysis and a model for intervention. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Patterson, G. R., Reid, J. B., & Dishion, T. J. (1992). A social interactional approach (Antisocial boys, Vol. 4). Eugene, OR: Castalia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petit, G. S., & Dodge, K. A. (2003). A biopsychosocial model of the development of chronic conduct problems in adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 39, 349–371.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reyno, S. M., & McGrath, P. J. (2006). Predictors of parent training efficacy for child externalizing behaviour problems – a meta-analytic review. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 99–111.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robins, L. N. (l978). Sturdy childhood predictors of adult antisocial behavior: Replications from longitudinal studies. Psychological Medicine, 8, 611–622.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roeser, R. W., Eccles, J. S., & Strobel, K. R. (1998). Linking the study of schooling and mental health: Selected issues and empirical illustrations at the level of the individual. Educational Psychologist, 33, 153–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, D. S., & Winslow, E. B. (1997). Precursors and correlates of antisocial behavior. From infancy to preschool. In D. M. Stoff, J. Breiling, & J. D. Maser (Eds.), Handbook of antisocial behavior. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, D. S., Bell, R. Q., & Gilliom, M. (2000). A truly early starter model of antisocial behavior revisited. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 3, 155–172.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, D. S., Gilliom, M., Ingoldsby, E. M., & Nagin, D. S. (2003). Trajectories leading to school-age conduct problems. Developmental Psychology, 39, 189–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, E. A., & Wellborn, J. G. (1994). Coping during childhood and adolescence: A motivational perspective. In D. L. Featherman, R. M. Lerner, & M. Perlmutter (Eds.), Life-span development and behavior (Vol. 12). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sørlie, M.-A., Amlund-Hagen, K., & Ogden, T. (2008). Social competence and antisocial behavior: Continuity and distinctiveness across early adolescence. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 18, 121–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay, R. E., Boulerice, B., Harden, P. W., McDuff, P., PĂ©russe, D., Phil, R. O., & Zoccolillo, M. (1996). Do children in Canada become more aggressive as they approach adolescence? In Growing up in Canada: National longitudinal survey of children and youth. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay, R. E., & CĂ´tĂ©, S. (2005). The developmental origins of aggression. Where are we going? In R. E. Tremblay, W. W. Hartup, & J. Archer (Eds.), Developmental origins of aggression. New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, H. M., Ramsey, E., & Gresham, F. M. (2004). Antisocial behavior in school: evidence based practices. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waters, E., & Sroufe, L. A. (l983). Social competence as a developmental construct. Developmental Review, 3, 79–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webster-Stratton, C., & Lindsay, D. W. (1999). Social competence and conduct problems in young children: Issues in assessment. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 28, 25–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WHO. (2003). World Health Report 2005: Make every mother and child count. Geneva: Author.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Terje Ogden .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this entry

Cite this entry

Ogden, T. (2014). Complex Roots and Branches of Antisocial Behavior. In: Ben-Arieh, A., Casas, F., Frønes, I., Korbin, J. (eds) Handbook of Child Well-Being. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9063-8_99

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9063-8_99

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-9062-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-90-481-9063-8

  • eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law

Publish with us

Policies and ethics