Skip to main content

Lung Function Testing, Spirometry, Diffusion Capacity and Interpretation

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Mechanics of Breathing

Abstract

Lung function covers several physiological measures of respiratory function and structure. Ventilation, distribution of ventilation, gas diffusion, and lung perfusion are the most common terms.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Miller MR, Crapo R, Hankinson J, Brusasco V, Burgos F, Casaburi R, Coates A, Enright P, Grinten CPM, Gustafsson P, Jensen R, Johnson DC, Macintyre N, McKay R, Navajas D, Pedersen OF, Pellegrino R, Viegi G, Wanger J (2005) General considerations for lung function testing. Eur Respir J 26:153–161

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Miller MR, Hankinson J, Brusasco V, Burgos F, Casaburi R, Coates A, Crapo R, Enright P, van der Grinten CP, Gustafsson P, Jensen R, Johnson DC, Macintyre N, McKay R, Navajas D, Pedersen OF, Pellegrino R, Viegi G, Wanger J (2005) Standardisation of spirometry. Eur Respir J 26:319–338

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Cooper B, Steenbruggen I, Mitchell S, Severin T, Oostveen E, Burgos F, Mathys H, Normand H, Kivastik J, Leuppi J, Flezar M, Agnew M, Pedersen OF, Sorichter S, Brusasco V, Tonalk W, Palange P (2011) Hermes spirometry: the European spirometry driving licence. Breathe 7:259–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. D’Angelo E, Prandi E, Milic-Emili J (1993) Dependence of maximal flow-volume curves on time course of preceding inspiration. J Appl Physiol 75:1155–1159

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Akpinar-Elci M, Fedan KB, Enright PL (2006) FEV6 as a surrogate for FVC in detecting airways obstruction and restriction in the workplace. Eur Respir J 27:374–377

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Pedersen OF (2006) FEV6: a shortcut in spirometry? Eur Respir J 27:245–247

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Bellia V, Sorino C, Catalano F, Augugliaro G, Scichilone N, Pistelli R, Pedone C, Antonelli-Incalzi R (2008) Validation of FEV6 in the elderly: correlates of performance and repeatability. Thorax 63:60–66

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Madsen F. Validation of spirometer calibration syringes. http://informahealthcare.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/00365513.2012.723739. Accessed 10 Oct 2012

  9. NCCLS (1993) Determining performance of volumetric equipment, 1st edn. NCCLS, Villanova. Proposed guideline series NCCLS vol 4 nr 6, Villanova Pa: National Committee for Clinical laboratory standards. Date of first publication 1984. http://find.lib.uts.edu.au/search.do;jsessionid=0A4C9450890FA52CA19C75BD828BAB77?R=OPAC_b1179813

  10. Hankinson JL, Gardner RM (1982) Standard waveforms for spirometric testing. Am Rev Respir Dis 126:362–364

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Hankinson JL, Crapo RO (1995) Standard flow-time waveforms for testing of PEF meters. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 152:696–701

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Hankinson JL, Reynolds JS, Das MK, Viola JO (1997) Method to produce American Thoracic Society flow-time waveforms using a mechanical pump. Eur Respir J 10:690–694

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Pedersen OF, Naeraa N, Lyager S, Hilberg C, Larsen L (1983) A device for evaluation of flow recording equipment. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 19:515–520

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Macintyre N, Crapo RO, Viegi G, Johnson DC, van der Grinten CP, Brusasco V, Burgos F, Casaburi R, Coates A, Enright P, Gustafsson P, Hankinson J, Jensen R, McKay R, Miller MR, Navajas D, Pedersen OF, Pellegrino R, Wanger J (2005) Standardisation of the single-breath determination of carbon monoxide uptake in the lung. Eur Respir J 26:720–735

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Roughton FJ, Forster RE (1957) Relative importance of diffusion and chemical reaction rates in determining rate of exchange of gases in the human lung, with special reference to true diffusing capacity of pulmonary membrane and volume of blood in the lung capillaries. J Appl Physiol 11:290–302

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Guenard H, Varene N, Vaida P (1987) Determination of lung capillary blood volume and membrane diffusing capacity in man by the measurements of NO and CO transfer. Respir Physiol 70:113–120

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Tamhane RM, Johnson RL Jr, Hsia CC (2001) Pulmonary membrane diffusing capacity and capillary blood volume measured during exercise from nitric oxide uptake. Chest 120:1850–1856

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Borland CD, Higenbottam TW (1989) A simultaneous single breath measurement of pulmonary diffusing capacity with nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. Eur Respir J 2:56–63

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Wemeau-Stervinou L, Perez T, Murphy C, Polge AS, Wallaert B (2012) Lung capillary blood volume and membrane diffusion in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Respir Med 106:564–570

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Wheatley CM, Foxx-Lupo WT, Cassuto NA, Wong EC, Daines CL, Morgan WJ, Snyder EM (2011) Impaired lung diffusing capacity for nitric oxide and alveolar-capillary membrane conductance results in oxygen desaturation during exercise in patients with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 10:45–53

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Dressel H, Filser L, Fischer R, Marten K, Muller-Lisse U, de la Motte D, Nowak D, Huber RM, Jorres RA (2009) Lung diffusing capacity for nitric oxide and carbon monoxide in relation to morphological changes as assessed by computed tomography in patients with cystic fibrosis. BMC Pulm Med 9:30

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Idorn L, Hanel B, Jensen AS, Juul K, Reimers JI, Nielsen KG, Søndergaard L (2012) New insights into aspects of pulmonary diffusing capacity in Fontan patients. Cardiol Young 24:311–320

    Google Scholar 

  23. Jones RN, Meade F (1961) A theoretical and experimental analysis of anomalies in the estimation of pulmonary diffusing capacity by the single breath method. Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci 46:131–143

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Wanger J, Clausen JL, Coates A, Pedersen OF, Brusasco V, Burgos F, Casaburi R, Crapo R, Enright P, van der Grinten CP, Gustafsson P, Hankinson J, Jensen R, Johnson D, Macintyre N, McKay R, Miller MR, Navajas D, Pellegrino R, Viegi G (2005) Standardisation of the measurement of lung volumes. Eur Respir J 26:511–522

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Swanney MP, Ruppel G, Enright PL, Pedersen OF, Crapo RO, Miller MR, Jensen RL, Falaschetti E, Schouten JP, Hankinson JL, Stocks J, Quanjer PH (2008) Using the lower limit of normal for the FEV1/FVC ratio reduces the misclassification of airway obstruction. Thorax 63:1046–1051

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Enright P, Studnica M, Zielinski J (2005) Spirometry to detect and manage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma in the primary care setting. Eur Respir Mon 10:1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Quanjer PH, Tammeling GJ, Cotes JE, Pedersen OF, Peslin R, Yernault J-C (1993) Lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows 1993 update. Eur Respir J 6(Suppl 16):5–40

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ole F. Pedersen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Italia

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Madsen, F., Mortensen, J., Hanel, B., Pedersen, O.F. (2014). Lung Function Testing, Spirometry, Diffusion Capacity and Interpretation. In: Aliverti, A., Pedotti, A. (eds) Mechanics of Breathing. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5647-3_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5647-3_9

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-5646-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-5647-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics