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Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Substance Abuse

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Textbook of Addiction Treatment: International Perspectives

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Abstract

Although attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been increasingly diagnosed and treated in adult populations, adult ADHD in substance-dependent populations remains under-recognized. Converging data from epidemiologic and clinical samples show that adult ADHD is overrepresented among individuals with substance use disorders . This chapter provides information regarding the potential causes for this overrepresentation and factors that might lead to both under and overdiagnosis in individuals with substance use disorders, with attention paid to DSM-V criteria. While stimulants are considered a first-line treatment for adults with ADHD, it is less clear what the first-line pharmacologic or psychotherapeutic treatment approaches should be for adults with ADHD and co-occurring substance use disorders. Data collected from several clinical trials suggest that under closely monitored conditions, stimulants can be used safely to treat co-occurring ADHD and substance use disorders. However, the findings are mixed regarding the efficacy of both nonstimulants and stimulants in treating ADHD in this comorbid population. Taken together, the available published studies do provide some guidance on how to best approach this patient population. Future avenues of research are discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Frances R. Levin

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  1. Frances R. Levin
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Correspondence to Frances R. Levin .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, Alberta Gambling Research Institute University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    Nady el-Guebaly

  2. Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom

    Giuseppe Carrà

  3. Division of Alcoholism & Drug Abuse, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA

    Marc Galanter

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Levin, F.R. (2015). Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Substance Abuse. In: el-Guebaly, N., Carrà, G., Galanter, M. (eds) Textbook of Addiction Treatment: International Perspectives. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5322-9_119

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5322-9_119

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