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Actinorhizal and Rhizobial-Legume Symbioses for Alleviation of Abiotic Stresses

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Plant Microbes Symbiosis: Applied Facets

Abstract

Plant symbiotic interactions with nitrogen-fixing bacteria could be used in agricultural and forest soils under harsh conditions and for land reclamation. These associations include rhizobia interacting with legumes species and the actinobacterium Frankia interacting with actinorhizal plants. These plants are distributed worldwide and suffer in many areas – especially in arid and semiarid regions from harsh biotic and abiotic conditions. Abiotic stress conditions include climatic conditions, soil characteristics, water and nutrient availability, salinity, and soil contamination by heavy metals, xenobiotics, and toxins. Thus, the improvement of symbiotic nitrogen fixation under stress conditions may rely on strategies devised to select more tolerant plant-bacteria associations and to use successfully efficient synergistic systems such as those involving mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobacteria, particularly plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This chapter focuses on main stress conditions affecting plant-bacteria symbioses with emphasis on mechanisms that underpin plant resistance to stress. Biological strategies involving microbial inoculants aiming to protect and improve plant symbioses against detrimental effects of abiotic stresses so as to enhance the crop production in such conditions are discussed. In addition, plant-bacteria symbioses can also be used to promote the establishment of perennial vegetation that might limit the heavy metal pollution of soils and consequently represent an effective management procedure in disturbed soils. This chapter also focuses on main techniques successfully used for the purpose of land reclamation by plant-bacteria symbioses.

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  1. Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University (UIZ), Agadir, Morocco

    Brahim Bouizgarne

  2. Faculty of Science Semlalia, Department of Biology, Cadi Ayyad University (UCAM), Marrakech, Morocco

    K. Oufdou & Y. Ouhdouch

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  1. Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Naveen Kumar Arora

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Bouizgarne, B., Oufdou, K., Ouhdouch, Y. (2015). Actinorhizal and Rhizobial-Legume Symbioses for Alleviation of Abiotic Stresses. In: Arora, N. (eds) Plant Microbes Symbiosis: Applied Facets. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2068-8_14

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