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The Role of Lysophospholipids in Immune Cell Trafficking and Inflammation

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Chronic Inflammation

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Abstract

Lysophospholipids are phospholipids that lack an acyl chain. Thus, they are less hydrophobic than diacyl phospholipids and can act as intercellular signaling molecules. Like cytokines, they are locally acting, short-lived molecules, which signal through specific cell-surface receptors. Accumulating evidence indicates that at least two of the lysophospholipids, namely sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), play critical roles in determining the spatial distribution of immune cells in lymphoid tissues. Both of these molecules act on lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and lymphoid tissue stromal cells, via specific G-protein–coupled receptors. Under physiological conditions, S1P regulates lymphocyte egress from lymphoid tissues, whereas LPA regulates lymphocyte ingress into and migration within lymph nodes. The aberrant production and/or metabolism of these lysophospholipids results in the dysregulated distribution of immune cells and the induction of various types of inflammatory responses in vivo. Here we discuss the specific roles of these lysophospholipids in immune cell trafficking and inflammation.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Interdisciplinary Program for Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan

    Masayuki Miyasaka

  2. WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan

    Masayuki Miyasaka

  3. MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, Turku, 20520, Finland

    Masayuki Miyasaka

  4. MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, Turku, 20520, Finland

    Akira Takeda & Sirpa Jalkanen

  5. Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan

    Erina Hata & Naoko Sasaki

  6. Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamada-oka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan

    Eiji Umemoto

Authors
  1. Masayuki Miyasaka
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  2. Akira Takeda
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  3. Erina Hata
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  4. Naoko Sasaki
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  5. Eiji Umemoto
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  6. Sirpa Jalkanen
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Correspondence to Masayuki Miyasaka .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Interdisciplinary Program for Biomedical Sciences Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan

    Masayuki Miyasaka

  2. Department of Immunobiology and Pharmacological Genetics Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan

    Kiyoshi Takatsu

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Miyasaka, M., Takeda, A., Hata, E., Sasaki, N., Umemoto, E., Jalkanen, S. (2016). The Role of Lysophospholipids in Immune Cell Trafficking and Inflammation. In: Miyasaka, M., Takatsu, K. (eds) Chronic Inflammation. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56068-5_35

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