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Risk-Reducing Surgery for Breast Cancer Patients with BRCA Mutations

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Personalized Treatment of Breast Cancer

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Abstract

Women who carry a germ line mutation in either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene have a higher lifetime risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers, often at young ages. Moreover, women with BRCA-associated breast cancer develop second contralateral breast cancers (CBCs) and ovarian cancers at higher rates than those with sporadic breast cancer. Although intensified screening may help identify cancers at an early, favorable stage, it cannot prevent them. Therefore, BRCA1/2 mutation carriers with breast cancer may consider prophylactic surgical strategies such as contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) and bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy (BPO). There have been increasing interests in CPM, which has been reported to reduce the risk of future CBC by at least 90 %. BPO is the prevailing preventive choice for prophylactic treatment among BRCA mutation carriers, and it reduces the risk of ovarian cancer by about 90 % and breast cancer by about 50 %. Data on the survival of BRCA-associated breast cancer patients who opt for subsequent CPM are inconsistent, but BPO seems to be associated with improved breast- and ovarian cancer‐specific mortality as well as improved all‐cause mortality among BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Although prophylactic surgery does not address the cause of these cancers, which is the gene mutations, it is highly effective for cancer prevention and survival.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 463-707, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea

    Eun-Kyu Kim

  2. Department of Surgery, Daerim St. Mary’s Hospital, 657, Siheung-daero, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 150-822, South Korea

    Sung-Won Kim

  3. Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea

    Dong-Young Noh

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  1. Eun-Kyu Kim
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  2. Sung-Won Kim
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  3. Dong-Young Noh
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Correspondence to Dong-Young Noh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Breast Surgery Graduate Sc, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan

    Masakazu Toi

  2. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Eric Winer

  3. Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom

    John Benson

  4. University of Arkansas for Medical Scien, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA

    Suzanne Klimberg

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Kim, EK., Kim, SW., Noh, DY. (2016). Risk-Reducing Surgery for Breast Cancer Patients with BRCA Mutations. In: Toi, M., Winer, E., Benson, J., Klimberg, S. (eds) Personalized Treatment of Breast Cancer. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55552-0_1

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