Abstract
Tumor progression is frequently associated with a profound alteration in myelopoiesis, which results in expansion of tumor-associated myeloid cells represented by tumor-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. These tumor-associated myeloid cells not only facilitate tumor growth, but also hamper cancer immunotherapy by immune and non-immune mechanisms. However, tumor-associated myeloid cells also have a critical role for tumor growth inhibition in immunotherapy for cancer. Recent evidence indicates that innate immune signaling elicited by Toll-like receptor ligands can induce both differentiation and ‘re-education’ of tumor-associated myeloid cells, which positively and negatively affect tumor development and growth. Therefore, innate immune signaling could be a useful target for cancer treatment by modulating the phenotype of tumor-associated myeloid cells.
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Acknowledgments
We apologize to the authors whose work we could not cite or illustrate in the figures because of space limitations. This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture (MEXT), “the Carcinogenic Spiral” (a MEXT Grant-in-Project), the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan, the Takeda Foundation, the Akiyama Foundation, and the Kato Memorial Bioscience Foundation.
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Shime, H., Matsumoto, M., Seya, T. (2015). The Role of Innate Immune Signaling in Regulation of Tumor-Associated Myeloid Cells. In: Seya, T., Matsumoto, M., Udaka, K., Sato, N. (eds) Inflammation and Immunity in Cancer. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55327-4_3
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