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The Breeding of Bioethanol-Producing Yeast by Detoxification of Glycolaldehyde, a Novel Fermentation Inhibitor

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Stress Biology of Yeasts and Fungi

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Abstract

The inhibitory effect of lignocellulose hydrolysates poses a significant technological barrier to the industrialization of second-generation bioethanol production. Even though approximately 60 inhibitory compounds have been reported to be present in lignocellulose hydrolysates, we discovered glycolaldehyde as a novel fermentation inhibitor and established a key role for the toxic compound in second-generation bioethanol production. Glycolaldehyde is primarily generated from retro-aldol condensation of monomeric sugars liberated during the lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment process. It substantially inhibits yeast growth and ethanol fermentation at a very low concentration. Moreover, glycolaldehyde is a stronger growth inhibitor than other reported major fermentation inhibitors such as 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF) and furfural. Through comprehensive genomic analysis and in-depth analysis of fermentation metabolic consequences in response to redox cofactor perturbation with glycolaldehyde, we discovered the toxic mechanisms and pathways necessary to ultimately engineer a glycolaldehyde-tolerant yeast strain. This chapter provides novel knowledge on glycolaldehyde toxicity and molecular mechanisms for in situ biological detoxification of glycolaldehyde to improve the bioethanol fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima city, Kagoshima, 890-8580, Japan

    Lahiru N. Jayakody, Nobuyuki Hayashi & Hiroshi Kitagaki

  2. Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, 840-8502, Japan

    Lahiru N. Jayakody, Nobuyuki Hayashi & Hiroshi Kitagaki

Authors
  1. Lahiru N. Jayakody
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  2. Nobuyuki Hayashi
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  3. Hiroshi Kitagaki
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Correspondence to Hiroshi Kitagaki .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Nara Institute of Science and Technology Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara, Japan

    Hiroshi Takagi

  2. Faculty of Agriculture Saga University, Saga, Japan

    Hiroshi Kitagaki

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Jayakody, L.N., Hayashi, N., Kitagaki, H. (2015). The Breeding of Bioethanol-Producing Yeast by Detoxification of Glycolaldehyde, a Novel Fermentation Inhibitor. In: Takagi, H., Kitagaki, H. (eds) Stress Biology of Yeasts and Fungi. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55248-2_1

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