Abstract
In ages at which the visual functions become comparable in phakic and pseudophakic eyes, clear lens extraction may be justified for eyes that have even slight pathology. The purpose of this study was to compare the visual function between phakic eyes with a clear lens and pseudophakic eyes with a monofocal intraocular lens in various age groups. Patients with phakic eyes and pseudophakic eyes in each age group (40s, 50s, 60s, 70s, and 80s) were recruited. The accommodative amplitude, region of accommodation, and contrast visual acuity (contrast VA) and that with glare (glare VA) were examined. In those who are in their 40s and 50s, the accommodative amplitude was significantly greater in the phakic group than in the pseudophakic group, but no significant difference was found in those who are in their 60s, 70s, or 80s. In those who are in their 40s and 50s, corrected visual acuity (CVA) at near intermediate distances in the phakic group was significantly better than that in the pseudophakic group (0.3–1.0 m), while distance CVA was similar. In those who are in their 60s and 70s, CVA did not differ significantly at any distance between the two groups. In all age groups, there were no significant differences in either the photopic or mesopic contrast VA and glare VA. In conclusion, in their 40s and 50s, the accommodative amplitude and region of accommodation is less in pseudophakic eyes than in phakic eyes, but it is similar in their 60s, 70s, and 80s. Because contrast sensitivity is similar at all ages, visual function is comparable in patients 60 years and older.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Marchini G, et al. Ultrasound biomicroscopic and conventional ultrasonographic study of ocular dimensions in primary angle-closure glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 1998;105(11):2091–8.
Acton J, et al. Extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber lens implantation in primary angle-closure glaucoma. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1997;23(6):930–4.
Hayashi K, et al. Changes in anterior chamber angle width and depth after intraocular lens implantation in eyes with glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 2000;107(4):698–703.
Bettman JW. Apparent accommodation in aphakic eyes. Am J Ophthalmol. 1950;33(6):921–8.
Nakazawa M, Ohtsuki K. Apparent accommodation in pseudophakic eyes after implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses: optical analysis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1984;25(12):1458–60.
Glasser A, Campbell MC. Presbyopia and the optical changes in the human crystalline lens with age. Vision Res. 1998;38(2):209–29.
Koretz JF, et al. Accommodation and presbyopia in the human eye–aging of the anterior segment. Vision Res. 1989;29(12):1685–92.
Hayashi K, et al. Aging changes in apparent accommodation in eyes with a monofocal intraocular lens. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003;135(4):432–6.
Mela EK, et al. Contrast sensitivity function after cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. Doc Ophthalmol. 1996;92(2):79–91.
Wheatherill J, Yap M. Contrast sensitivity in pseudophakia and aphakia. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1986;6(3):297–301.
Owsley C, et al. Role of the crystalline lens in the spatial vision loss of the elderly. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1985;26(8):1165–70.
Furuskog P, Nilsson BY. Contrast sensitivity in patients with posterior chamber intraocular lens implants. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1988;66(4):438–44.
Owsley C, et al. Contrast sensitivity throughout adulthood. Vision Res. 1983;23(7):689–99.
Nomura H, et al. Age-related change in contrast sensitivity among Japanese adults. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2003;47(3):299–303.
Jackson GR, et al. Aging and scotopic sensitivity. Vision Res. 1998;38(22):3655–62.
Jackson GR, Owsley C. Scotopic sensitivity during adulthood. Vision Res. 2000;40(18):2467–73.
Artal P, et al. Compensation of corneal aberrations by the internal optics in the human eye. J Vis. 2001;1(1):1–8.
Amano S, et al. Age-related changes in corneal and ocular higher-order wavefront aberrations. Am J Ophthalmol. 2004;137(6):988–92.
Packer M, et al. Improved functional vision with a modified prolate intraocular lens. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2004;30(5):986–92.
Rocha KM, et al. Wavefront analysis and contrast sensitivity of aspheric and spherical intraocular lenses: a randomized prospective study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;142(5):750–6.
Hayashi K, Hayashi H. Visual function in patients with yellow tinted intraocular lenses compared with vision in patients with non-tinted intraocular lenses. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006;90(8):1019–23.
Hayashi K, et al. Comparison of amplitude of apparent accommodation in pseudophakic eyes with that of normal accommodation in phakic eyes in various age groups. Eye. 2006;20(3):290–6.doi10.1038/sj.eye.670186320.
Hayashi K, et al. Comparison of visual function between phakic eyes and pseudophakic eyes with a monofocal intraocular lens. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2010;36(1):20–7. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2009.07.03.
Schefrin BE, et al. Senescent changes in scotopic contrast sensitivity. Vision Res. 1999;39(22):3728–36.
Jackson GR, et al. Aging and dark adaptation. Vision Res. 1999;39(23):3975–82.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest in relation to this article.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Japan
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hayashi, K., Yoshida, M., Manabe, Si. (2014). Evaluation of Visual Function in Pseudophakic Eyes and Phakic Eyes in Various Age Groups. In: Bissen-Miyajima, H., Koch, D., Weikert, M. (eds) Cataract Surgery: Maximizing Outcomes Through Research. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54538-5_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54538-5_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-54537-8
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-54538-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)