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Semaphorins in Bone Homeostasis

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Semaphorins

Abstract

Intercellular communication between cells within bone is essential for the regulation of bone homeostasis. Growing evidence reveals that semaphorins have crucial roles in this process, including osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation. Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D), derived from osteoclasts, has a potent inhibitory effect on osteoblast differentiation without hampering osteoclastic bone resorption. Sema3A, which is highly expressed in osteoblast lineage cells, maintains bone homeostasis by simultaneously inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and promoting osteoblast differentiation. Sema3A also has a role in the regulation of innervation, indicating the importance of future studies on the interactions among bone cells and neurons. Other semaphorins and their receptors have also been implicated in bone metabolism. These studies provide a scientific basis for future therapeutic approaches to bone diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan

    Mikihito Hayashi & Tomoki Nakashima

  2. Explorative Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Program, Takayanagi Osteonetwork Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan

    Mikihito Hayashi & Hiroshi Takayanagi

  3. Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan

    Tomoki Nakashima

  4. Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan

    Hiroshi Takayanagi

Authors
  1. Mikihito Hayashi
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  2. Tomoki Nakashima
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  3. Hiroshi Takayanagi
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Correspondence to Hiroshi Takayanagi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Respiratory Medicine Allergy and Rheumatic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan

    Atsushi Kumanogoh

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Hayashi, M., Nakashima, T., Takayanagi, H. (2015). Semaphorins in Bone Homeostasis. In: Kumanogoh, A. (eds) Semaphorins. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54385-5_8

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