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Ablative Verfahren – Vaporisation: Bipolare und photoselektive Vaporisation der Prostata

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Zusammenfassung

Eine transurethrale Vaporisation der Prostata ist mit verschiedenen Energiequellen möglich. Im klinischen Alltag ist heute in erster Linie die photoselektive Vaporisation der Prostata (PVP) mit dem Greenlight Laser von Relevanz. Bei der PVP ist bei Patienten mit einem Prostatavolumen zwischen 30 und 80 ml eine höhere intraoperative Sicherheit hinsichtlich der hämostatischen Eigenschaften im Vergleich zur TUR-P aus zahlreichen prospektiv randomisierten Studien dokumentiert. Auch perioperative Parameter wie die Dauer der Katheterisierung und die Länge der Hospitalisation sprechen für die PVP. Die Verbesserung der Symptome sowie der relevanten Miktionsparameter sind ebenfalls mit denen der TUR-P vergleichbar. Im Gegensatz dazu ist, insbesondere bei den heute nicht mehr im klinischen Alltag angewendeten Modellen des Lasers mit einer Leistung von 80 W und 120 W, eine höhere Reoperationsrate infolge von Rezidivadenomen zu verzeichnen. Die PVP mit dem 180-W-Laser zeigt im Vergleich zur TUR-P vergleichbare Reoperationsraten im mittelfristigen Zeitverlauf. Ein weiteres Merkmal der PVP ist die sichere Anwendbarkeit des Lasers bei Patienten unter oraler Antikoagulation oder Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung. Hinsichtlich der klinischen Daten zeigt die bipolare Vaporisation im Vergleich TUR-P eine im kurzfristigen postoperativen Verlauf vergleichbare klinische Wirksamkeit. Zudem ist die Rate an perioperativer Morbidität geringer. Funktionelle Daten zum längerfristigen postoperativen Verlauf sind uneinheitlich und teils von einer im Vergleich zur TUR-P höheren Reoperationsrate gekennzeichnet.

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Correspondence to Malte Rieken .

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© 2022 Der/die Autor(en), exklusiv lizenziert an Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE, ein Teil von Springer Nature

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Rieken, M. (2022). Ablative Verfahren – Vaporisation: Bipolare und photoselektive Vaporisation der Prostata. In: Netsch, C., Gross, A.J. (eds) Benignes Prostatasyndrom. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64334-1_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64334-1_15

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