Zusammenfassung
Bluthochdruck ist eine Volkskrankheit und der wichtigste modifizierbare Risikofaktor für kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse. Bluthochdruck ist definiert als ein systolischer Blutdruck von über 140 mmHg oder ein diastolischer Blutdruck von über 90 mmHg. Zur Diagnostik von Bluthochdruck kommen wiederholte Einzelmessungen, aber auch die Erhebungen des Blutdrucks über 24 Stunden zum Einsatz. Zusätzlich beinhaltet das Screening bei Patienten mit Bluthochdruck die Diagnostik bezüglich möglicher Endorganschäden, da diese die Langzeitprognose relevant beeinflussen. Für die Therapie des Bluthochdrucks stehen verschiedene Medikamentenklassen zur Verfügung, welche den Blutdruck aber auch das Risiko für kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen senken. Die bevorzugte Wahl des Antihypertensivums richtet sich dabei an den Vorerkrankungen des Patienten sowie möglicher Endorganschäden. Neben der medikamentösen Therapie können auch Veränderungen des Lebensstils wie eine salzarme Ernährung oder regelmäßige körperliche Belastung den Blutdruck günstig beeinflussen und stellen insbesondere populationsbasierte Stellgrößen dar.
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Mahabadi, A.A., Rassaf, T. (2021). Bluthochdruck – Prävalenz, Bedeutung und Implikationen für die Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung. In: Tiemann, M., Mohokum, M. (eds) Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung. Springer Reference Pflege – Therapie – Gesundheit . Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62426-5_36
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