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Design, Engineering, and Evaluation of Porphyrins for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

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Nanostructured Materials for Next-Generation Energy Storage and Conversion

Abstract

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have attracted worldwide attention due to their low cost and versatility. Porphyrins have broad and intense absorption in the visible region, versatility in tuning the molecular structure. Early porphyrin dyes are generally β-functionalized meso-teraarylporphyrins. In the late 2000s, several groups began to pay their attention to meso-functionalized porphyrins. In 2010, the meso- functionalized porphyrin dye with donor-π-acceptor structure, achieved an efficiency of 11%. Since then, dozens of donor-π-acceptor porphyrin dyes with >10% efficiency have been reported. In 2014, the energy conversion efficiency of 13% was reached. However, some challenges still exist including inefficient photon capture in the regions around 520 nm and >700 nm, severe aggregation because of porphyrin’s planar structure and rich π electrons, and poor long-term stability resulting from the weak binding capability of the anchoring group. In this chapter, we will provide readers the operation principles of DSC, an evolution of porphyrin dyes as the best candidates for DSCs, and challenges facing porphyrin dyes for DSCs. Different design strategies, synthetic protocols, as well as their photovoltaic performance of representative dyes will be discussed.

Author Contribution

W. Li wrote the manuscript related to the solar properties, M. Elkhaklifa the synthesis section, and H. He revised the second draft.

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Change history

  • 26 March 2023

    The chapter was inadvertently published with an incorrect spelling of the author's name as Mahamoud Elkhaklifa whereas it should be Mahmoud Elkhalifa

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Acknowledgments

HH thanks Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Eastern Illinois University, for the support of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China

    Wenhui Li

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL, USA

    Mahmoud Elkhaklifa & Hongshan He

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  1. Wenhui Li
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  2. Mahmoud Elkhaklifa
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  3. Hongshan He
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  1. Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA

    Tulay Aygan Atesin

  2. Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, USA

    Sajid Bashir

  3. Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, USA

    Jingbo Louise Liu

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Li, W., Elkhaklifa, M., He, H. (2019). Design, Engineering, and Evaluation of Porphyrins for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. In: Atesin, T.A., Bashir, S., Liu, J.L. (eds) Nanostructured Materials for Next-Generation Energy Storage and Conversion. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59594-7_12

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