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Abdominaltrauma

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Akutes Abdomen im Kindes- und Jugendalter

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Zusammenfassung

Ein Abdominaltrauma wird bei Kindern häufig durch Verkehrsunfälle, Stürze oder Sportunfälle verursacht. Als Leitsymptome imponieren Bauchschmerz, Abwehrspannung, Erbrechen, Blässe und Tachykardie. Schwerer bauchverletzte Kinder präsentieren sich mit zunehmenden abdominellen Schmerzen, zunehmender Blässe und Tachykardie, oder sie entwickeln Peritonitiszeichen. Anamnese und klinische Untersuchung können wichtige Verletzungshinweise erbringen. Bildgebungsmethode der Wahl ist die Abdomen-Ultraschalluntersuchung, bei Mehrfach- und schwersten Verletzungen die CT-Bildgebung. »Bauchlaborparameter«, Blutbild, Blutgasanalyse und Blutgruppenbestimmung ergänzen die Abklärung. Die Mehrzahl der Parenchymverletzungen von Milz, Leber, Pankreas und Nieren wird im Kindesalter konservativ behandelt. Bei Hohlorganperforationen und Peritonitis erfolgt eine rasche chirurgische Intervention. Bei hämodynamischer Instabilität oder sehr hohem Transfusionsbedarf besteht die Indikation zur Laparotomie.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universitäts-Kinderspital beider Basel, Basel, Schweiz

    Johannes Mayr

  2. Kinder- und Jugendchirurgie, Klinikum Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Österreich

    Günter Fasching

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  1. Johannes Mayr
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  2. Günter Fasching
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Correspondence to Johannes Mayr .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universitäts-Kinderspital beider Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland

    Johannes Mayr

  2. Kinder- und Jugendchirurgie, Klinikum Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria

    Günter Fasching

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Mayr, J., Fasching, G. (2018). Abdominaltrauma . In: Mayr, J., Fasching, G. (eds) Akutes Abdomen im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55995-6_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55995-6_20

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