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Sport-related Concussion: Experience from the National Football League

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Return to Play in Football

Abstract

It is estimated that 1.6–3.8 million sports-related concussions occur annually in the United States. In professional American football, approximately 100–200 concussions occur each year during the regular season. A concussion is defined as a “complex pathophysiological process affecting the brain, induced by traumatic biomechanical forces.” To improve in the diagnosis and subsequent management of concussion in athletes in the National Football League (NFL), the NFL’s Head, Neck, and Spine Committee has developed standardized evidenced-based protocols. In addition, the NFL has implemented new rule changes directed at reducing the incidence of concussion, improving identification of concussion, and developing a safe return to play (RTP) procedure for concussed players. The NFL concussion guidelines outline requirements for preseason baseline testing, on-field identification and diagnosis of concussion, management of concussion, and RTP criteria.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sports Medicine Concussion Program, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 3200 S. Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA

    Michael W. Collins & Natalie Sandel

  2. Pittsburgh Steelers Football Club, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    John A. Norwig & Sonia Ruef

Authors
  1. Michael W. Collins
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  2. Natalie Sandel
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  3. John A. Norwig
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  4. Sonia Ruef
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Correspondence to Michael W. Collins .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. UPMC Rooney Sports Complex, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Volker Musahl

  2. Department of Orthopaedics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Jón Karlsson

  3. Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Werner Krutsch

  4. Santa Monica, California, USA

    Bert R. Mandelbaum

  5. Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre, Porto, Portugal

    João Espregueira-Mendes

  6. Orthopaedic Surgery, Aspetar Hospital, Doha, Qatar

    Pieter d'Hooghe

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Collins, M.W., Sandel, N., Norwig, J.A., Ruef, S. (2018). Sport-related Concussion: Experience from the National Football League. In: Musahl, V., Karlsson, J., Krutsch, W., Mandelbaum, B., Espregueira-Mendes, J., d'Hooghe, P. (eds) Return to Play in Football. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55713-6_52

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