Chronic Locked Anterior and Posterior Dislocations

Abstract

Dislocation of the glenohumeral joint is a painful injury that requires immediate management. Failure to relocate the joint in a timely fashion usually results in significant destruction of the bone and cartilage of the joint, as well as severe contracture and scar formation in the soft tissues. The incidence of chronic dislocation is unknown, with most reports in the literature citing a limited number of cases. The management of these injuries may vary considerably based on the severity of the destruction. Management options include open relocation with restoration of bone, ligament and tendon, hemiarthroplasty with glenoid bone graft and reverse shoulder replacement. Results are limited and complication rates high regardless of method chosen.