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Non-formulation Parameters That Affect Penetrant-Skin-Vehicle Interactions and Percutaneous Absorption

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Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Drug Penetration Into/Through the Skin

Abstract

An understanding of the factors that influence the percutaneous absorption of drugs, diagnostic agents and cosmetics is essential if the topical delivery route is to reach its full potential. Considerable progress has been made in the use of optimised formulations and advanced delivery systems, such as nanoparticulate carriers, to penetrate the skin barrier. However, in this chapter we will examine the more fundamental question of how a penetrant interacts with the skin barrier, and how the properties of the molecule and the skin can affect this. We firstly discuss the inherent physicochemical properties of a molecule and how these can be used to predict skin permeation rates and targeting to particular routes and sites. In addition to penetrant properties, skin properties determined by the degree of hydration, age, gender or body site also influence rates of percutaneous absorption. Other ways in which the skin barrier performance may be affected include prior skin treatments with cosmetics, depilatories, peeling agents or insect repellents, as well as burns and intrinsic defects. Finally, we discuss some ways in which the barrier function of the skin may be enhanced, in order to protect against unwanted penetration of irritants and toxic materials.

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Acknowledgements

Thanks go to the National Health & Medical Research Council of Australia for financial support. The authors also thank Navin Chandrasekaran (Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, the University of Queensland) for help in drawing figures and Dr Amy Holmes, from (Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia), for assistance in editing the chapter.

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  1. Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia

    Jeffrey E. Grice, Elizabeth Ryan, Isha Haridass, Yousuf Mohammed & Michael S. Roberts

  2. Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia

    Hamid R. Moghimi, Qian Zhang & Michael S. Roberts

  3. School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Hamid R. Moghimi

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  1. Jeffrey E. Grice
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Correspondence to Michael S. Roberts .

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  1. Apoteka “Beograd”, Belgrade, Serbia

    Nina Dragicevic

  2. San Francisco, California, USA

    Howard I. Maibach

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Grice, J.E. et al. (2017). Non-formulation Parameters That Affect Penetrant-Skin-Vehicle Interactions and Percutaneous Absorption. In: Dragicevic, N., I. Maibach, H. (eds) Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Drug Penetration Into/Through the Skin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53270-6_4

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