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ACL Prevention Programs

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Controversies in the Technical Aspects of ACL Reconstruction

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Abstract

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a common knee injury in athletes, and recently there has been an increased emphasis on prevention. A large body of research over the past 15 years has demonstrated that prevention programs can be effective in decreasing risk of ACL injury. Approximately 70 % of all ACL injuries are noncontact injuries resulting from various loads and strains on the ACL while jumping and cutting. ACL injury prevention exercises can address these neuromuscular imbalances using a multifaceted approach including proprioception, plyometric, muscular, and strengthening training. There have been several prominent ACL injury prevention programs reported in the literature including Myklebust’s program, the Prevent Injury and Enhance Performance (PEP) program, and the Knee Injury Prevention Program (KIPP). Ultimately, knowledge of the mechanism of ACL injury and prevention exercises, combined with increased education and awareness of coaches, parents, trainers, and athletes, will result in fewer ACL tears and injuries.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th St, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Joseph N. Liu MD & Michael D. Hendel MD, PhD

  2. Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Sognsveien 220, Oslo, 0806, Norway

    Grethe Myklebust PT, PhD

  3. Sport Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th St, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Robert G. Marx MD

Authors
  1. Joseph N. Liu MD
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  2. Michael D. Hendel MD, PhD
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  3. Grethe Myklebust PT, PhD
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  4. Robert G. Marx MD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert G. Marx MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Medical Science in Sports, Osaka Health Science University, Osaka, Japan

    Norimasa Nakamura

  2. Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Stefano Zaffagnini

  3. Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA

    Robert G. Marx

  4. UPMC Center for Sports Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Volker Musahl

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Liu, J.N., Hendel, M.D., Myklebust, G., Marx, R.G. (2017). ACL Prevention Programs. In: Nakamura, N., Zaffagnini, S., Marx, R., Musahl, V. (eds) Controversies in the Technical Aspects of ACL Reconstruction. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52742-9_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52742-9_1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-52740-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-52742-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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