Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Transfusion Support

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Supportive Care in Pediatric Oncology

Part of the book series: Pediatric Oncology ((PEDIATRICO))

  • 1415 Accesses

Abstract

The utilization of appropriate transfusion therapy is a vital aspect in the prevention of morbidity in pediatric oncology patients. Practitioners must be cognizant of the risks and benefits of transfusion as well as the appropriate transfusion practices in immunocompromised patients. Here we review the evidence regarding transfusion management practices in pediatric cancer patients with anemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia as well as practice in managing potential transfusion reactions. Where an evidence basis is lacking, we review consensus guidelines in both the pediatric and adult cohorts.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Agrawal AK, Hastings CH, Feusner J (2011) Hematologic supportive care in children with cancer. In: Pizzo PA, Poplack DG (eds) Principles and practice of pediatric oncology, 6th edn. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Agrawal AK, Hsu E, Quirolo K et al (2012) Red blood cell transfusion in pediatric patients with severe chronic anemia: how slow is necessary. Pediatr Blood Cancer 58:466–468

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Alessandrino EP, Della Porta MG, Bacigalupo A et al (2010) Prognostic impact of pre-transplantation transfusion history and secondary iron overload in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a GITMO study. Haematologica 95:476–484

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Almeida-Porada GD, Ascensao JL (1996) Cytomegalovirus as a cause of pancytopenia. Leuk Lymphoma 21:217–223

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Alpert G, Fleisher GR (1984) Complications of infection with Epstein-Barr virus during childhood: a study of children admitted to the hospital. Pediatr Infect Dis 3:304–307

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson KC, Goodnough LT, Sayers M et al (1991) Variation in blood component irradiation practice: implications for prevention of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease. Blood 77:2096–2102

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Andreu G (2009) Transfusion-associated circulatory overload and transfusion-related acute lung injury: diagnosis, pathophysiology, management and prevention. ISBT Sci Ser 4:63–71

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Angelucci E, Brittenham GM, McLaren CE et al (2000) Hepatic iron concentration and total body iron stores in thalassemia major. N Engl J Med 343:327–331

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arduino MJ, Bland LA, Tipple MA et al (1989) Growth and endotoxin production of Yersinia enterocolitica and Enterobacter agglomerans in packed erythrocytes. J Clin Microbiol 27:1483–1485

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Armand P, Kim HT, Cutler CS et al (2007) Prognostic impact of elevated pretransplantation serum ferritin in patients undergoing myeloablative stem cell transplantation. Blood 109:4586–4588

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Athale UH, Chan AK (2007) Hemorrhagic complications in pediatric hematologic malignancies. Semin Thromb Hemost 33:408–415

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ballas SK (2001) Iron overload is a determinant of morbidity and mortality in adult patients with sickle cell disease. Semin Hematol 38:30–36

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barrera R, Mina B, Huang Y et al (1996) Acute complications of central line placement in profoundly thrombocytopenic cancer patients. Cancer 78:2025–2030

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barrett NA, Kam PC (2006) Transfusion-related acute lung injury: a literature review. Anesthesia 61:777–785

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Belt RJ, Leite C, Haas CD, Stephens RL (1978) Incidence of hemorrhagic complications in patients with cancer. JAMA 239:2571–2574

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Benjamin RJ, Anderson KS (2002) What is the proper threshold for platelet transfusion in patients with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 42:163–171

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bishton M, Chopra R (2004) The role of granulocyte transfusions in neutropenic patients. Br J Haematol 127:501–508

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blajchman MA, Goldman M, Freedman JJ, Sher GD (2001) Proceedings of a consensus conference: prevention of post-transfusion CMV in the era of universal leukoreduction. Transfus Med Rev 15:1–20

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blumberg N, Fine L, Gettings KF, Heal JM (2005) Decreased sepsis related to indwelling venous access devices coincident with implementation of universal leukoreduction of blood transfusions. Transfusion 45:1632–1639

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bolton-Maggs PH, Murphy MF (2004) Blood transfusion. Arch Dis Child 89:4–7

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bowden RA, Slichter SJ, Sayers M et al (1995) A comparison of filtered leukocyte-reduced and cytomegalovirus (CMV) seronegative blood products for the prevention of transfusion-associated CMV infection after marrow transplant. Blood 86:3598–3603

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • British Committee for Standards in Hematology (BCSH) (2003) Guidelines on the use of platelet transfusions. Br J Haematol 122:10–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Brittenham GM, Sheth S, Allen CJ et al (2001) Noninvasive methods for quantitative assessment of transfusional iron overload in sickle cell disease. Semin Hematol 38:37–56

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buchanan GR (2005) Blood transfusions in children with cancer and hematologic disorders: why, when, and how? Pediatr Blood Cancer 44:114–116

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bürger B, Zimmermann M, Mann G et al (2003) Diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid examination in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: significance of low leukocyte counts with blasts or traumatic lumbar puncture. J Clin Oncol 21:184–188

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Busch MP, Glynn SA, Stramer SL (2005) A new strategy for estimating risks of transfusion-transmitted viral infections based on rates of detection of recently infected donors. Transfusion 45:254–264

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carr R, Hutton JL, Jenkins JA et al (1990) Transfusion of ABO-mismatched platelets leads to early platelet refractoriness. Br J Haematol 75:408–413

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cazzola M (2000) Mechanisms of anaemia in patients with malignancy: implications for the clinical use of recombinant human erythropoietin. Med Oncol 17:S11–S16

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cazzola M, Malcovati L (2005) Myelodysplastic syndromes—coping with ineffective hematopoiesis. N Engl J Med 352:536–538

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chanock SJ, Gorlin JB (1996) Granulocyte transfusions. Time for a second look. Infect Dis Clin North Am 10:327–343

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chu RW (1999) Leukocytes in blood transfusion: adverse effects and their prevention. Hong Kong Med J 5:280–284

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Church GD, Price C, Sanchez R (2006) Transfusion-related acute lung injury in the paediatric patient: two case reports and a review of the literature. Transfus Med 16:343–348

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Coit DB, Turnbull AD (1988) A safe technique for the placement of implantable vascular access devices in patients with thrombocytopenia. Surg Gynecol Obstet 167:429–431

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Consensus Conference (1987) Platelet transfusion therapy. JAMA 257:1777–1780

    Google Scholar 

  • Contreras M (1998) The appropriate use of platelets: an update from the Edinburgh Consensus Conference. Br J Haematol 101:10–12

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Couban S, Carruthers J, Andreou P et al (2002) Platelet transfusion in children: results of a randomized, prospective, crossover trial of plasma removal and a prospective audit of WBC reduction. Transfusion 42:753–758

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham RS (2003) Anemia in the oncology patient: cognitive function and cancer. Cancer Nurs 26:38S–42S

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Darbari DS, Kple-Faget P, Kwagyan J et al (2006) Circumstances of death in adult sickle cell disease patients. Am J Hematol 81:858–863

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davies SC, Kinsey SE (1994) Clinical aspects of paediatric blood transfusion: cellular components. Vox Sang 67:50–53

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davies P, Robertson S, Hedge S et al (2007) Calculating the required transfusion volume in children. Transfusion 47:212–216

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Ville de Goyet M, Moniotte S, Robert A et al (2013) Iron overload in children undergoing cancer treatments. Pediatr Blood Cancer 60:1982–1987

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dodd RY (2007) Current risk for transfusion transmitted infections. Curr Opin Hematol 14:671–676

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Doerfler ME, Kaufman B, Goldenberg AS (1996) Central venous catheter placement in patients with disorders of hemostasis. Chest 110:185–188

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Duquesnoy RJ, Filip DJ, Rodey GE et al (1977) Successful transfusion of platelets “mis-matched” for HLA antigens to alloimmunized thrombocytopenic patients. Am J Hematol 2:219–226

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dutcher JP, Schiffer CA, Aisner J et al (1981) Alloimmunization following platelet transfusion: the absence of a dose–response relationship. Blood 57:395–398

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dwyre DM, Holland PV (2008) Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease. Vox Sang 95:85–93

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dwyre DM, Fernando LP, Holland PV (2011) Hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV transfusion-transmitted infections in the 21st century. Vox Sang 100:92–98

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dzik WH (2002) Leukoreduction of blood components. Curr Opin Hematol 9:521–526

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eder AF, Herron R, Strupp A et al (2007) Transfusion-related acute lung injury surveillance (2003–2005) and the potential impact of the selective use of plasma from male donors in the American Red Cross. Transfusion 47:599–607

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eid AJ, Brown RA, Patel R, Razonable RR (2006) Parvovirus B19 infection after transplantation: a review of 98 cases. Clin Infect Dis 43:40–48

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El-Mahallawy HA, Mansour T, El-Din SE et al (2004) Parvovirus B19 infection as a cause of anemia in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients during maintenance chemotherapy. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 26:403–406

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Emy PY, Levin TL, Sheth SS et al (1997) Iron overload in reticuloendothelial systems of pediatric oncology patients who have undergone transfusions: MR observations. Am J Radiol 168:1011–1015

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eng J, Fish JD (2011) Insidious iron burden in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 56:368–371

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fasano R, Luban NL (2008) Blood component therapy. Pediatr Clin North Am 55:421–455

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fenaux P, Rose C (2009) Impact of iron overload in myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood Rev 23:S15–S19

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer R, Tiemann ED, Engelhardt R et al (1999) Assessment of iron stores in children with transfusion siderosis by biomagnetic liver susceptometry. Am J Hematol 60:289–299

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedberg RC, Donnelly SF, Boyd JC et al (1993) Clinical and blood bank factors in the management of platelet refractoriness and alloimmunization. Blood 81:3428–3434

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedberg RC, Donnelly SF, Mintz PD (1994) Independent roles for platelet crossmatching and HLA in the selection of platelets for alloimmunized patients. Transfusion 34:215–220

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedmann AM, Sengul H, Lehmann H et al (2002) Do basic laboratory tests or clinical observations predict bleeding in thrombocytopenic oncology patients? A reevaluation of prophylactic platelet transfusions. Transfus Med Rev 16:34–45

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gajjar A, Harrison PL, Sandlund JT et al (2000) Traumatic lumbar puncture at diagnosis adversely affects outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 96:3381–3384

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Manero G, Shan J, Faderl S et al (2008) A prognostic score for patients with low risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Leukemia 22:538–543

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gauvin F, Lacroix J, Robillard P et al (2006) Acute transfusion reactions in the pediatric intensive care unit. Transfusion 46:1899–1908

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Geiger TL, Howard SC (2007) Acetaminophen and diphenhydramine premedication for allergic and febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions: good prophylaxis or bad practice? Transfus Med Rev 21:1–12

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gelb AB, Leavitt AD (1997) Crossmatch-compatible platelets improve corrected count increments in patients who are refractory to randomly selected platelets. Transfusion 37:624–630

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson BE, Todd A, Roberts I et al (2004) Transfusion guidelines for neonates and older children. Br J Haematol 124:433–453

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Glatstein M, Oron T, Barak M et al (2005) Posttransfusion equilibration of hematocrit in hemodynamically stable neonates. Pediatr Crit Care Med 6:707–708

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gmür J, Burger J, Schanz U et al (1991) Safety of stringent prophylactic platelet transfusion policy for patients with acute leukaemia. Lancet 338:1223–1226

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goldman M, Webert KE, Arnold DM et al (2005) Proceedings of a consensus conference: towards an understanding of TRALI. Transfus Med Rev 19:2–31

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green DM, Breslow NE, Beckwith JB et al (1998) Comparison between single-dose and divided-dose administration of dactinomycin and doxorubicin for patients with Wilms’ tumor: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study Group. J Clin Oncol 16:237–245

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grigull L, Pulver N, Goudeva L et al (2006) G-CSF mobilised granulocyte transfusions in 32 paediatric patients with neutropenic sepsis. Support Care Cancer 14:910–916

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Groopman JE, Itri LM (1999) Chemotherapy-induced anemia in adults: incidence and treatment. J Natl Cancer Inst 91:1616–1634

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guyatt G, Gutterman D, Baumann MH et al (2006) Grading strength of recommendations and quality of evidence in clinical guidelines: report from an American College of Chest Physicians task force. Chest 129:174–181

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Halonen P, Mattila J, Suominen P et al (2003) Iron overload in children who are treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia estimated by liver siderosis and serum iron parameters. Pediatrics 111:91–96

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heal JM, Blumberg N, Masel D (1987) An evaluation of crossmatching, HLA, and ABO matching for platelet transfusions to refractory patients. Blood 70:23–30

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heckman KD, Weiner GJ, Davis CS et al (1997) Randomized study of prophylactic platelet transfusion threshold during induction therapy for adult acute leukemia: 10,000/microL versus 20,000/microL. J Clin Oncol 15:1143–1149

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heddle NM (2004) Universal leukoreduction and acute transfusion reactions: putting the puzzle together. Transfusion 44:1–4

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heddle NM, Klama LN, Griffith L et al (1993) A prospective study to identify the risk factors associated with acute reactions to platelet and red cell transfusion. Transfusion 33:794–797

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hillyer CD, Emmens RK, Zago-Novaretti M, Berkman EM (1994) Methods for the reduction of transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus infection: filtration versus the use of seronegative donor units. Transfusion 34:929–934

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hockenberry MJ, Hinds PS, Barrera P et al (2002) Incidence of anemia in children with solid tumors or Hodgkin disease. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 24:35–37

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hockenberry-Eaton M, Hinds PS (2000) Fatigue in children and adolescents with cancer: evolution of a program of study. Semin Oncol Nurs 16:261–272

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Howard JE, Perkins HA (1978) The natural history of alloimmunization to platelets. Transfusion 18:496–503

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Howard SC, Gajjar AC, Ribeiro RC et al (2000) Safety of lumbar puncture for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and thrombocytopenia. JAMA 284:2222–2224

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Howard SC, Gajjar AC, Cheng C et al (2002) Risk factors for traumatic and bloody lumbar puncture in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. JAMA 288:2001–2007

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jayabose S, Tugal O, Ruddy R et al (1993) Transfusion therapy for severe anemia. Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 15:324–327

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaur P, Basu S (2005) Transfusion-transmitted infections: existing and emerging pathogens. J Postgrad Med 51:146–151

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy LD, Case LD, Hurd DD et al (2008) A prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled trial of acetaminophen and diphenhydramine pretransfusion medication versus placebo for the prevention of transfusion reactions. Transfusion 48:2285–2291

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kickler TS, Ness PM, Baine HG (1988) Platelet crossmatching. A direct approach to the selection of platelet transfusions for the alloimmunized thrombocytopenic patient. Am J Clin Pathol 90:69–72

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • King KE, Shirey RS, Thoman SK et al (2004) Universal leukoreduction decreases the incidence of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions to RBCs. Transfusion 44:25–29

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klein HG, Strauss RG, Schiffer CA (1996) Granulocyte transfusion therapy. Semin Hematol 33:359–368

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klein HG, Dodd RY, Ness PM et al (1997) Current status of microbial contamination of blood components: summary of a conference. Transfusion 37:95–101

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kleinman S, Caulfield T, Chan P et al (2004) Towards an understanding of transfusion-related acute lung injury: statement of a consensus panel. Transfusion 44:1774–1789

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knight K, Wade S, Balducci L (2004) Prevalence and outcomes of anemia in cancer: a systematic review of the literature. Am J Med 116:11S–26S

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuehnert MJ, Roth VR, Haley NR et al (2001) Transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection in the United States, 1998 through 2000. Transfusion 41:1493–1499

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Linden JV, Wagner K, Voytovich AE et al (2000) Transfusion errors in New York state: an analysis of 10 years’ experience. Transfusion 40:1207–1213

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ljungman P (2004) Risk of cytomegalovirus transmission by blood products to immunocompromised patients and means for reduction. Br J Haematol 125:107–116

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Loh AH, Chui CH (2007) Port-A-Cath insertions in acute leukemia: dose thrombocytopenia affect morbidity? J Pediatr Surg 42:1180–1184

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lowell JA, Bothe A Jr (1991) Venous access. Preoperative, operative, and postoperative dilemmas. Surg Clin North Am 71:1231–1246

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Luban NL, Drothler D, Moroff G et al (2000) Irradiation of platelet components: inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation assessed by limiting-dilution analysis. Transfusion 40:348–352

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malcovati L, Della Porta MG, Cazzola M (2006) Predicting survival and leukemic evolution in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Haematologica 91:1588–1590

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marec-Berard P, Blay JY, Schell M et al (2003) Risk model predictive of severe anemia requiring RBC transfusion after chemotherapy in pediatric solid tumor patients. J Clin Oncol 21:4235–4238

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Massey E, Paulus U, Doree C et al (2009) Granulocyte transfusions for preventing infections in patients with neutropenia or neutrophil dysfunction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1):CD005341

    Google Scholar 

  • Michon J (2002) Incidence of anemia in pediatric cancer patients in Europe: results of a large, international survey. Med Pediatr Oncol 39:448–450

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mock V, Olsen M (2003) Current management of fatigue and anemia in patients with cancer. Semin Oncol Nurs 19:36–41

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moroff G, Luban NL (1992) Prevention of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease. Transfusion 32:102–103

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morrow JF, Braine HG, Kickler TS et al (1991) Septic reactions to platelet transfusions. A persistent problem. JAMA 266:555–558

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Myhre BA, McRuer D (2000) Human error—a significant cause of transfusion mortality. Transfusion 40:879–885

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nachman J, Sather HN, Cherlow JM et al (1998) Response of children with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with and without cranial irradiation: a report from the Children’s Cancer Group. J Clin Oncol 16:920–930

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nash T, Hoffmann S, Butch S et al (2012) Safety of leukoreduced, cytomegalovirus (CMV)-untested components in CMV-negative allogeneic human progenitor cell transplant recipients. Transfusion 52:2270–2272

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nichols WG, Price TH, Gooley T et al (2003) Transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus infection after receipt of leukoreduced blood products. Blood 101:4195–4200

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Norfolk DR, Ancliffe PJ, Contreras M et al (1998) Consensus Conference on Platelet Transfusion, Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 27–28 November 1997. Synopsis of background papers. Br J Haematol 101:609–617

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Norville R, Hinds P, Wilimas J et al (1997) The effects of infusion rate on platelet outcomes and patient responses in children with cancer: an in vitro and in vivo study. Oncol Nurs Forum 24:1789–1793

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O’Connell BA, Lee EJ, Rothko K et al (1992) Selection of histocompatible apheresis platelet donors by cross-matching random donor platelet concentrates. Blood 79:527–531

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paglino JC, Pomper GJ, Fisch GS et al (2004) Reduction of febrile but not allergic reactions to RBCs and platelets after conversion to universal prestorage leukoreduction. Transfusion 44:16–24

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peters C (2009) Granulocyte transfusions in neutropenic patients: beneficial effects proven? Vox Sang 96:275–283

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Popovsky MA (2000) Transfusion-related acute lung injury. Curr Opin Hematol 7:402–407

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ray CE Jr, Shenoy SS (1997) Patients with thrombocytopenia: outcome of radiologic placement of central venous access devices. Radiology 204:97–99

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rebulla P (2001) Platelet transfusion trigger in difficult patients. Transfus Clin Biol 8:249–254

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rebulla P, Finazzi G, Marangoni F et al (1997) The threshold for prophylactic platelet transfusions in adults with acute myeloid leukemia. Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche Maligne dell’Adulto. N Engl J Med 337:1870–1875

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rintels PB, Kenney RM, Crowley JP (1994) Therapeutic support of the patient with thrombocytopenia. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 8:1131–1157

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson SP, Marks DI (2004) Granulocyte transfusion in the G-CSF era. Where do we stand? Bone Marrow Transplant 34:839–846

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roseff SD, Luban NL, Manno CS (2002) Guidelines for assessing appropriateness of pediatric transfusion. Transfusion 42:1398–1413

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rossetto CL, McMahon JE (2000) Current and future trends in transfusion therapy. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 17:160–170

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rubin RH, Tolkoff-Rubin NE, Oliver D et al (1985) Multicenter seroepidemiologic study of the impact of cytomegalovirus infection on renal transplantation. Transplantation 40:243–249

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ruccione KS, Midambi K, Sposto R et al (2012) Association of projected transfusional iron burden with treatment intensity in childhood cancer survivors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 59:697–702

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ruggiero A, Riccardi R (2002) Interventions for anemia in pediatric cancer patients. Med Pediatr Oncol 39:451–454

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rühl H, Bein G, Sachs UJ (2009) Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease. Transfus Med Rev 23:62–71

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sachs UJ, Reiter A, Walter T et al (2006) Safety and efficacy of therapeutic early onset granulocyte transfusions in pediatric patients with neutropenia and severe infections. Transfusion 46:1909–1914

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sanchez R, Toy P (2005) Transfusion related acute lung injury: a pediatric perspective. Pediatr Blood Cancer 45:248–255

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders RP, Maddirala SD, Geiger TL et al (2005) Premedication with acetaminophen or diphenhydramine for transfusion with leucoreduced blood products in children. Br J Haematol 130:781–787

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schiffer CA (1991) Prevention of alloimmunization against platelets. Blood 77:1–4

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schiffer CA, Lee EJ, Ness PM et al (1986) Clinical evaluation of platelet concentrates stored for one to five days. Blood 67:1591–1594

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schiffer CA, Anderson KC, Bennett CL et al (2001) Platelet transfusion for patients with cancer: clinical practice guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. J Clin Oncol 19:1519–1538

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schrezenmeier H, Walther-Wenke G, Müller TH et al (2007) Bacterial contamination of platelet concentrates: results of a prospective multicenter study comparing pooled whole blood-derived platelets and apheresis platelets. Transfusion 47:644–652

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seidel MG, Peters C, Wacker A et al (2008) Randomized phase III study of granulocyte transfusions in neutropenic patients. Bone Marrow Transplant 42:679–684

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shander A, Cappellini MD, Goodnough LT (2009) Iron overload and toxicity: the hidden risk of multiple blood transfusions. Vox Sang 97:185–197

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Silliman CC, Boshkov LK, Mehdizadehkashi Z et al (2003) Transfusion-related acute lung injury: epidemiology and a prospective analysis of etiologic factors. Blood 101:454–462

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Slichter SJ, Harker LA (1978) Thrombocytopenia: mechanisms and management of defects in platelet production. Clin Haematol 7:523–539

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sobrero A, Puglisi F, Guglielmi A et al (2001) Fatigue: a main component of anemia symptomatology. Semin Oncol 28:15–18

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • St Pierre TG, Clark PR, Chau-anusorn W et al (2005) Noninvasive measurement and imaging of liver iron concentrations using proton magnetic resonance. Blood 105:855–861

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stainsby D, Jones H, Asher D et al (2006) Serious hazards of transfusion: a decade of hemovigilance in the UK. Transfus Med Rev 20:273–282

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stasi R, Abriani L, Beccaglia P et al (2003) Cancer-related fatigue: evolving concepts in evaluation and treatment. Cancer 98:1786–1801

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stellato TA, Gauderer MW, Lazarus HM et al (1985) Percutaneous silastic catheter insertion in patients with thrombocytopenia. Cancer 56:2691–2693

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strauss RG, Barnes A Jr, Blanchette VS et al (1990) Directed and limited-exposure blood donations for infants and children. Transfusion 30:68–72

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tas F, Eralp Y, Basaran M et al (2002) Anemia in oncology practice: relation to diseases and their therapies. Am J Clin Oncol 25:371–379

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • te Loo DM, Kamps WA, van der Does-van den Berg A et al (2006) Prognostic significance of blasts in the cerebrospinal fluid without pleiocytosis or a traumatic lumbar puncture in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: experience of the Dutch Childhood Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol 24:2332–2336

    Google Scholar 

  • The Trial to Reduce Alloimmunization to Platelets Study Group (1997) Leukocyte reduction and ultraviolet B irradiation of platelets to prevent alloimmunization and refractoriness to platelet transfusions. N Engl J Med 337:1861–1869

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiele T, Krüger W, Zimmermann K et al (2011) Transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection by leukoreduced blood products not tested for CMV antibodies: a single-center prospective study in high-risk patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (CME). Transfusion 51:2620–2626

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vamvakas EC (2005) Is white blood cell reduction equivalent to antibody screening in preventing transmission of cytomegalovirus by transfusion? A review of the literature and meta-analysis. Transfus Med Rev 19:181–199

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vamvakas EC, Blajchman MA (2001) Universal WBC reduction: the case for and against. Transfusion 41:691–712

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vamvakas ED, Pineda AA (1997) Determinants of the efficacy of prophylactic granulocyte transfusions: a meta-analysis. J Clin Apher 12:74–81

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van de Wetering MD, Weggelaar N, Offinga M et al (2007) Granulocyte transfusions in neutropaenic children: a systematic review of the literature. Eur J Cancer 43:2082–2092

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Marwijk Kooy M, van Prooijen HC, Moes M et al (1991) Use of leukocyte-depleted platelet concentrates for the prevention of refractoriness and primary HLA alloimmunization: a prospective, randomized trial. Blood 77:201–205

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner S (1997) Transfusion-related bacterial sepsis. Curr Opin Hematol 4:464–469

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wandt H, Frank M, Ehninger G et al (1998) Safety and cost effectiveness of a 103 x 10(9)/L trigger for prophylactic platelet transfusions compared with the traditional 203 x 10(9)/L trigger: a prospective comparative trial in 105 patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 91:3601–3606

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang SE, Lara PN, Lee-Ow A et al (2002) Acetaminophen and diphenhydramine as premedication for platelet transfusions: a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Am J Hematol 70:191–194

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Welch HG, Larson EB, Slichter SJ (1989) Providing platelets for refractory patients. Prudent strategies. Transfusion 29:193–195

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Williamson LM, Lowe S, Love EM et al (1999) Serious hazards of transfusion (SHOT) initiative: analysis of the first two annual reports. BMJ 319:16–19

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wong EC, Perez-Albuerne E, Moscow JA, Luban NL (2005) Transfusion management strategies: a survey of practicing pediatric hematology/oncology specialists. Pediatr Blood Cancer 44:119–127

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wood JC, Enriquez C, Ghugre N et al (2005) MRI R2 and R2* mapping accurately estimates hepatic iron concentration in transfusion-dependent thalassemia and sickle cell disease patients. Blood 106:1460–1465

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yazer MH, Podlosky L, Clarke G, Nahirniak SM (2004) The effect of prestorage WBC reduction on the rates of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions to platelet concentrates and RBC. Transfusion 44:10–15

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hematology/Oncology, Children’s Hospital and Research Center Oakland, 747 52nd Street, Oakland, CA, 94609, USA

    Esteban Gomez MD, Anurag K. Agrawal MD & Caroline A. Hastings MD

Authors
  1. Esteban Gomez MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anurag K. Agrawal MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Caroline A. Hastings MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anurag K. Agrawal MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Childrens Hospital & Research Center Oak, Oakland, California, USA

    James H. Feusner

  2. Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital and Research Center, Oakland, California, USA

    Caroline A. Hastings

  3. Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital and Research Center, Oakland, California, USA

    Anurag K. Agrawal

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gomez, E., Agrawal, A.K., Hastings, C.A. (2015). Transfusion Support. In: Feusner, J., Hastings, C., Agrawal, A. (eds) Supportive Care in Pediatric Oncology. Pediatric Oncology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44317-0_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44317-0_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-44316-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-44317-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation