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Vasomotor Symptoms

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Skin, Mucosa and Menopause

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Abstract

The menopausal transition can be categorized into several stages, which are accompanied by various changes that may have a significant impact on quality of life. Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) usually appear in the beginning of the menopausal transition and may persist until the end of life. These symptoms are common reasons for seeking medical care and include hot flashes or night sweats which last from 1 to 15 min and may involve sweating, palpitations, nausea, dizziness, chills, pain, or pressure in the head or chest; changes in breathing patterns and heart rate; and sleep disturbances. Although their physiopathology is not well known, it is thought that hot flashes may be caused by increased thermoregulatory responses, which lead to intense sensations of heat and flushing, accompanied by an increase in blood flow. The incidence and intensity of VMS may vary according to clinical factors such as ethnicity, obesity, and mood. Although several hormonal and nonhormonal treatments may be used to treat VMS, their risks and benefits should always be weighed on a case-by-case basis. To further explore this issue, this chapter will review the physiopathology, epidemiology, and treatment of VMS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menopause Clinic of Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua 14 de julho 746/4, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91340430, Brazil

    Maria Celeste O. Wender MD, PhD

  2. Department of Medicine, University Unochapecó, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil

    Patrícia Pereira de Oliveira PhD

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  1. Maria Celeste O. Wender MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Maria Celeste O. Wender MD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Procter & Gamble Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Miranda A. Farage

  2. Procter & Gamble Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Kenneth W. Miller

  3. School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Nancy Fugate Woods

  4. Department of Dermatology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA

    Howard I. Maibach

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Wender, M.C.O., de Oliveira, P.P. (2015). Vasomotor Symptoms. In: Farage, M., Miller, K., Fugate Woods, N., Maibach, H. (eds) Skin, Mucosa and Menopause. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44080-3_30

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