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Phytophthora infestans

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Genomics of Plant-Associated Fungi and Oomycetes: Dicot Pathogens

Abstract

Phytophthora infestans is a destructive pathogen of potato and tomato, and a model system for oomycetes, a lineage of mostly filamentous eukaryotes related to diatoms and brown algae. P. infestans has had tremendous impacts on human history and is still a major threat to food security. Advances in our understanding of oomycete biology and evolution have resulted from analyses of the P. infestans genome, population studies, and tests of gene function enabled by technologies for transgene expression and silencing. P. infestans has a large repeat-rich genome with a complex organization of gene-dense and rapidly evolving gene-sparse regions. Transposable elements, horizontal gene transfer, novel gene fusions, and expansions of gene families encoding transporters, signaling proteins, and pathogenesis effectors have shaped the structure and function of the genome. Both classic transcription factor networks and epigenetics influence gene expression, which exhibits dynamic changes during development and infection. Insights into mechanisms of growth and dispersal, metabolism, pathogenesis, and defense against plant resistance and agrochemicals are leading to better strategies for managing P. infestans blights. This chapter describes these advances and challenges for future research in the post-genome era.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture under grant numbers 2008-35600-04686 and 2011-68004-30154 and the National Science Foundation under grant number 0949426.

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  1. Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA

    Howard S. Judelson

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  1. Howard S. Judelson
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  1. Dep Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Center for Integrated Fungal Res, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA

    Ralph A. Dean

  2. United States Department of Agriculture, Nat Inst Food and Agriculture, Washington, Washington, USA

    Ann Lichens-Park

  3. Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India

    Chittaranjan Kole

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Judelson, H.S. (2014). Phytophthora infestans . In: Dean, R., Lichens-Park, A., Kole, C. (eds) Genomics of Plant-Associated Fungi and Oomycetes: Dicot Pathogens. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44056-8_9

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