Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag nimmt eine Bestandsaufnahme der politischen, wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung Zentralasiens vor. Auf dieser Grundlage wagt er einen Ausblick in die Zukunft. Vor allem geht es dabei um die Chancen von Demokratisierung, regionaler Integration und das Verhältnis zu Großmächten. Es wird prognostiziert, dass sich die fünf Länder zwar auch auf absehbare Zeit in einer Grauzone zwischen einem starken Autoritarismus und einer Art „delegierter Demokratie“ bewegen werden. Vor allem das Hereinwachsen der jüngeren, weltoffeneren Generation in Herrschaftspositionen gibt jedoch Anlass zu Optimismus.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literatur
Aliyev, Nurlan. 2019. Protest Against Chinese Migrants in Kyrgyzstan: Sinophobia or Demands for Social Justice? CACI Analyst. https://www.cacianalyst.org/publications/analytical-articles/item/13568-protest-against-chinese-migrants-in-kyrgyzstan-sinophobia-or-demands-for-socialjustice?.html. Zugegriffen: 04. Juli 2020.
Anderson, John. 1999. Kyrgyzstan: Central Asia’s island of democracy? London: Taylor & Francis.
Asia Development Bank. 2011. Kazakhstan’s Twin Development Challenges: Economic Diversification and Avoiding the Middle Income Trap. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/linked-documents/cps-kaz-2012-2016-oth.pdf. Zugegriffen: 02. Juli 2020.
Åslund, Anders. 2013. How capitalism was built: the transformation of Central and Eastern Europe, Russia, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Beimenbetov, Serik T. 2007. Patterns of Regional Integration. AUCA Academic Review 2: 31-44.
Beimenbetov, Serik. 2015. Modernization process and political culture in Kazakhstan. In Central Asia: Issues, Problems, and Perspectives, Hrsg. S. Jonboboev, M. Rakhimov und R. Seidelmann, 59-72. Göttingen: Cuvillier Verlag.
Daly, John. 2008. Kazakhstan’s Emerging Middle Class. Central Asia-Caucasus Institute & Silk Road Studies Program.
Davis Center. Crony Capitalism along the Silk Road. YouTube Video mit Teilnahme von Alexander Cooley & Jonathan Hillman, abrufbar unter: https://daviscenter.fas.harvard.edu/events/crony-capitalism-along-silk-road. Zugegriffen: 02. Juli 2020.
Deyermond, Ruth. 2009. Matrioshka hegemony? Multi-levelled hegemonic competition and security in post-Soviet Central Asia. Review of International Studies, 151-173.
Djanibekova, Nurjamal. 2017. Eurasian Economic Union: Many Problems, Few Solutions. Eurasianet. https://eurasianet.org/eurasian-economic-union-many-problems-few-solutions. Zugegriffen: 02. Juli 2020.
Doing Business. 2012. Trading Across Borders. https://www.doingbusiness.org/content/dam/doingBusiness/media/Annual-Reports/English/DB12-Chapters/Trading-Across-Borders.pdf. Zugegriffen: 03. Juli 2020.
EU Builds A Strong And Modern Partnership With Central Asia. 2019. https://eeas.europa.eu/sites/eeas/files/factsheet_centralasia_2019.pdf. Zugegriffen: 04. Juli 2020.
Ilkhamov, Alisher. 2007. Neopatrimonialism, interest groups and patronage networks: the impasses of the governance system in Uzbekistan. Central Asian Survey 26(1): 65-84.
Friedrich Ebert Foundation. 2017a. Molodezh Tsentral’noy Azii: Tadjikistan (Jugend von Zentralasien: Tadschikistan). Almaty: Friedrich Ebert Foundation.
Friedrich Ebert Foundation. 2017b. Molodezh Tsentral’noy Azii: Uzbekistan (Jugend von Zentralasien: Uzbekistan). Almaty: Friedrich Ebert Foundation.
Gabuev, Alexander. 2016. Crouching bear, hidden dragon: “One Belt one Road” and Chinese-Russian jostling for power in Central Asia. Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies 5 (2): 61-78.
Guy, Agathe. 2020. Kasachstan, Paradies für die Ultra-Reichen in Zentralasien?, Novastan. https://www.novastan.org/fr/kazakhstan/le-kazakhstan-paradis-des-ultra-riches-dasie-centrale/. Zugegriffen: 03. Juli 2020.
Halbach, Uwe. 2007. Das Erbe der Sowjetunion: Kontinuitäten und Brüche in Zentralasien. Osteuropa 57 (8/9): 77-98.
Heurlin, Christopher. 2010. Governing civil society: The political logic of NGO–state relations under dictatorship. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations 21 (2): 220-239.
Horak, Slavomir. 2012. The elite in post-Soviet and post-Niyazow Turkmenistan: does political culture form a leader? Demokratizatsiya 20 (4): 371-385.
International Crisis Group. 2005. Kyrgyzstan: After the Revolution. https://www.crisisgroup.org/europe-central-asia/central-asia/kyrgyzstan/kyrgyzstan-after-revolution. Zugegriffen: 03. Juli 2020.
Juraev, Shairbek. 2008. Kyrgyz democracy? The tulip Revolution and beyond. Central Asian Survey 27 (3-4): 253-264.
Kari, Kuanyshbek. 2019. „Pervaya vstrecha vnjrykh presidentov v Tashkente (Erstes Treffen der zweiten Präsidenten in Taschkent)“. RFE/RL Radio Azattyk, April 14, https://rus.azattyq.org/a/kazakhstan-chaykhana-vizit-tokaeva-v-uzbekistan/29879703.html. Zugegriffen: 01. Juli 2020.
Kaya, Ruchan, und Michael Bernhard. 2013. Are elections mechanisms of authoritarian stability or democratization? Evidence from postcommunist Eurasia. Perspectives on Politics: 734-752.
Kubicek, Paul. 2008. Authoritarianism in Central Asia: Curse of Cure? Third World Quarterly 19 (1): 29-43.
Kynge, James. 2018. Chinese contractors grab lion’s share of Silk Road projects. Financial Times. https://www.ft.com/content/76b1be0c-0113-11e8-9650-9c0ad2d7c5b5. Zugegriffen: 03. Juli 2020.
Laumulin, Murat. 2019. The EU’s Incomplete Strategy for Central Asia. https://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/80470. Zugegriffen: 03. Juli 2020.
Laruelle, Marlene (ed.). 2019. The Nazarbayev Generation: Youth in Kazakhstan. Maryland: Lexington Books
Laruelle, Marlene, und Sébastien Peyrouse. 2012. Regional Organisations in Central Asia: Patterns of Interaction, Dilemmas of Efficiency. Institute of Public Policy and Administration Working Paper (10).
Lewis, David. 2012. Understanding the authoritarian state: Neopatrimonialism in Central Asia. Brown Journal of World Affairs 19: 115-128.
Lin, Justin Y., und Yan Wang. 2017. Development beyond aid: Utilizing comparative advantage in the Belt and Road Initiative to achieve win-win. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development 1 (2): 149-167.
Linz, Juan J., und Alfred Stepan. 1996. Problems of democratic transition and consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and post-communist Europe. John Hopkins University Press.
Melville, A., D. Stukal, und M. Mironiuk. 2014. “King of the Mountain” or Why Postcommunist Autocracies Have Bad Institutions. Russian Politics & Law 52 (2): 7-29.
Michalopoulos, Sarantis. 2019. Kasachstans neuer Präsident sucht die Nähe zu Russland und China. https://www.euractiv.de/section/eu-aussenpolitik/news/kasachstans-neuer-praesident-sucht-dienaehe-zu-russland-und-china/. Zugegriffen: 04. Juli 2020.
Mohd, Bhat A. 2013. Post-Communist Transition and the Dilemmas of Young People in Central Asia: A Landscape of Uzbekistan. Debatte: Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe 21 (2-3): 207-236.
Møller, Jorgen, und Svend E. Skaaning. 2013. Autocracies, democracies, and the violation of civil liberties. Democratization 20 (1): 82-106.
Niyazbekov, Nurseit. 2020a. Democracy, the Tokayev Way. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2020/03/democracy-the-tokayev-way/. Zugegriffen: 02. Juli 2020.
Niyazbekov, Nurseit. 2020b. Potential democratizing effects of Central Asian anti-Chinese sentiments. OSCE Academy Policy Briefs.
Novastan. 2019. Proteste in Kasachstan: Über 80 Festnahmen in Almaty und Nur-Sultan. Novastan. https://www.novastan.org/de/kasachstan/proteste-in-kasachstan-ueber-80-festnahmen-in-almaty-und-nur-sultan/. Zugegriffen: 04. Juli 2020.
O’Donell, Guillermo A. 1994. Delegative democracy. Journal of democracy 5 (1): 55-69.
OEC. 2018. Kazakhstan 2018. https://oec.world/en/profile/country/kaz/. Zugegriffen: 01. Juli 2020.
Omelicheva, Mariya Y. 2015. Democracy in Central Asia: Competing perspectives and alternative strategies. University Press of Kentucky.
Owen, Catherine. 2017. “The Sleeping Dragon Is Gathering Strength”: Causes of Sinophobia in Central Asia. China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 3 (01): 101-119.
Pannier, Bruce. 2005. Central Asia: Kyrgyzstan’s Neighbors Tighten Laws to Prevent Revolutions. RFE/RL Newsline. https://www.refworld.org/docid/46c58f11c.html. Zugegriffen: 03. Juli 2020.
Pannier, Bruce. 2020. Signs Of Hope (And Conflict) On Central Asia’s Borders. RFE/RL. https://www.rferl.org/a/qishloq-ovozi-central-asian-borders-cooperation-conflict-uzbekistan-tajikistankyrgyzstan/30615663.html. Zugegriffen: 30. Juni 2020.
Perna, Laura W., K. Orosz, und Z. Jumakulov. 2015. Understanding the human capital benefits of a government-funded international scholarship program: An exploration of Kazakhstan’s Bolashak program. International Journal of Educational Development 40: 85-97.
Picciau, Simona. 2016. The “One Belt One Road” strategy between opportunities & fears: a new stage in EU-China relations? IndraStra Global: 1-14.
Pillalamarri, Akhilesh. 2014. The United States Just Closed Its Last Base in Central Asia. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2014/06/the-united-states-just-closed-its-last-base-in-centralasia/. Zugegriffen: 02. Juli 2020.
Putz, Catherine. 2020. Another Incident on the Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan Border. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2020/05/another-incident-on-the-kyrgyzstan-tajikistan-border/. Zugegriffen: 30. Juni 2020.
Rumer, Eugene B., R. Sokolsky, und P. Stronski. 2016. US policy toward Central Asia 3.0. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Schiek, Sebastian. 2017. Bewegung auf der Seidenstraße: Chinas „Belt and Road“ – Initiative als Anreiz für zwischenstaatliche Kooperation und Reformen an Zentralasiens Grenzen. SWP-Studie, S16, Berlin.
Skalamera, Groce M. 2020. Political Transition on the Great Steppe: The Case of Kazakhstan. Survival 62 (1): 157-168.
Swerdlow, Steve. 2019. Charting Progress in Mirziyoyev’s Uzbekistan. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2019/08/charting-progress-in-mirziyoyevs-uzbekistan/. Zugegriffen: 04. Juli 2020.
Todshiddinov, Achmadali. 2011. Kuda idut kitaiskie investitsii? (Wohin gehen die chinesischen Investitionen?). ASIA-Plus. https://asiaplustj.info/ru/news/tajikistan/ economic/20111229/kudaidut- kitaiskie-investitsii. Zugegriffen: 04. Juli 2020.
Toktomushev, Kemel. 2016. EU’s Strategy for China’s ‘One Belt One Road’ in Central Asia. China-US Focus. https://www.chinausfocus.com/finance-economy/eus-strategy-for-chinas-one-beltone-road-in-central-asia. Zugegriffen: 04. Juli 2020.
Toktomushev, Kemel. 2018. One Belt, One Road: A New Source of Rent for Ruling Elites in Central Asia? In China´s Belt and Road Initiative and Its Impact in Central Asia, Hrsg. Marlene Larulle, 77-85. Washington: The George Washington University (Central Asia Program).
Sputnik Uzbekistan. 2020. V respublike realizuyut programmu “Molodezh Uzbekistana 2025” (In der Republik wird das Programm „Jugend von Uzbekistan“ umgesetzt“). Sputnik Uzbekistan. https://uz.sputniknews.ru/society/20200124/13292156/V-respublike-realizuyut-programmu-Molodezh-Uzbekistana--2025.html Zugegriffen: 05. Juli 2020.
Van der Vet, Freek, und Laura Lyytikäinen. 2015. Violence and human rights in Russia: how human rights defenders develop their tactics in the face of danger, 2005–2013. The International Journal of Human Rights 19 (7): 979-998.
World Bank Group. 2018. A new growth model for building a secure middle class. Kazakhstan Systematic Country Diagnostic. World Bank Report No. 125611-KZ, http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/664531525455037169/Kazakhstan-Systematic-country-diagnostic-a-newgrowth-model-for-building-a-secure-middle-class. Zugegriffen: 02. Juli 2020.
Zeng Xianghong, und Yang Shu. “Color Revolution” under the Vision of Social Movement Theory. Russian, Central Asian & East European Studies 2, 2006: 6-9.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Beimenbetov, S. (2020). Perspektiven und Entwicklungslinien in Zentralasien. In: Lempp, J., Mayer, S., Brand, A. (eds) Die politischen Systeme Zentralasiens. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31633-4_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-31633-4_22
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer VS, Wiesbaden
Print ISBN: 978-3-658-31632-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-658-31633-4
eBook Packages: Social Science and Law (German Language)