Skip to main content

Work-Life Balance im globalen Kontext: Kulturunterschiede, Kompetenzen und Interventionen

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbuch Globale Kompetenz
  • 755 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Eine zufriedenstellende Balance zwischen Beruf und Familie zu erreichen, stellt für viele Erwerbstätige eine große Herausforderung dar. Eine wachsende Zahl von national wie international agierenden Unternehmen setzt sich seit einigen Jahren gezielt mit diesem Thema auseinander und versucht, ihre Mitarbeiter und Mitarbeiterinnen dabei zu unterstützen. Sowohl die individuellen Vorstellungen einer ausgewogenen Balance zwischen den verschiedenen Lebensbereichen als auch die Wirksamkeit von organisatorischen Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Privatleben unterliegen verschiedenen kulturellen Einflussfaktoren. Das vorliegende Kapitel fasst den aktuellen Forschungsstand aus arbeitspsychologischer und kulturvergleichender Perspektive über den Einfluss von kulturellen Normen und Werten auf die Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie zusammen und präsentiert individuelle, familiäre/partnerschaftliche und organisatorische Ansätze zur Steigerung der Work-Life Balance (WLB) im globalen Kontext.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literatur

  • Abendroth, A., & Den Dulk, L. (2011). Support for the work-life balance in Europe: The impact of state, workplace and family support on work-family balance satisfaction. Work, Employment and Society, 25(2), 234–256. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017011398892.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, T. D., & Kiburz, K. M. (2012). Trait mindfulness and work-family balance among working parents: The mediating effects of vitality and sleep quality. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 372–397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.09.002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, T. D., Herst, D. E. L., Bruck, C. S., & Sutton, M. (2000). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: A review and agenda for future research. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 278–308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, T. D., French, K. A., Dumani, S., & Shockley, K. M. (2020). A cross-national meta-analytic examination of predictors and outcomes associated with work-family conflict. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(6), 539–576. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000442.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amstad, F., Meier, L. L., Fasel, U., Elfering, A., & Semmer, N. K. (2011). A meta-analysis of work-family conflict and various outcomes with a special emphasis on cross-domain versus matching-domain relations. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16(2), 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022170.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ang, S., Rockstuhl, T., & Tan, M. L. (2015). Cultural intelligence and competencies. In J. D. Wright (Hrsg.), International encyclopedia of the social & behavioral sciences (2. Aufl., S. 433–439). Oxford: Elsevier.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Ayman, R. (2017). Social support and the work-family interface from a cross-cultural perspective. In K. Korabik, Z. Aycan & R. Ayman (Hrsg.), The work-family interface in global context. New York: Routeledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beham, B., & Drobnič, S. (2010). Satisfaction with work-life balance among German office workers. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25(6), 669–689. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011056987.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beham, B., Drobnič, S., & Präg, P. (2014). The work–family interface of service sector workers: A comparison of work resources and professional status across five European countries. Applied Psychology. An International Review, 63(1), 29–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beham, B., Drobnič, S., Präg, P., Baierl, A., & Eckner, J. (2019). Part-time work and gender inequality in Europe: A comparative analysis of satisfaction with work–life balance. European Societies, 21(3), 378–402. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2018.1473627.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brough, P., Timms, C., Chan, X. W., Hawkes, A., & Rasmussen, L. (2020). Work-life balance: Definitions, causes, and consequences. In T. Theorell (Hrsg.), Handbook of socioeconomic determinants of occupational health (S. 1–15). Cham: Springer Nature.

    Google Scholar 

  • Casper, W. J., Vaziri, H., Wayne, J. H., DeHauw, S., & Greenhaus, J. H. (2018). The jingle-jangle of work-nonwork balance: A comprehensive and meta-analytic review of its meaning and measurement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 103(2), 182–214. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000259.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crompton, R., & Lyonette, C. (2006). Work-life ‚Balance‘ in Europe. Acta Sociologica, 49(4), 379–393. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001699306071680.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Earley, P. C., & Ang, S. (2003). Cultural intelligence: Individual interactions across cultures. California: Stanford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson, M., Carlson, D. S., Zivnuska, S., & Whitten, D. (2012). Support at work and home: The path to satisfaction through balance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 299–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.01.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson, M., Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Halbesleben, J. R. B. (2015). The supportive spouse at work: Does being work-linked help? Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 21(1), 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039538.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ford, M. T., Heinen, B. A., & Langkarner, K. L. (2007). Work and family satisfaction and conflict: A meta-analysis of cross-domain relations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(1), 57–80. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.1.57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • French, K. A., Dumani, S., Allen, T. D., & Shockley, K. M. (2018). A meta-analysis of work-family conflict and social support. Psychological Bulletin, 144(3), 284–314. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000120.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greenhaus, J. H., & Allen, T. D. (2011). Work-family balance: A review and extension of the literature. In L. Tetrick & J. C. Quick (Hrsg.), Handbook of occupational health psychology (2. Aufl., S. 165–183). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 76–88. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1985.4277352.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenhaus, J. H., & Powell, G. N. (2006). When work and family are allies: A theory of work-family enrichment. Academy of Management Review, 31(1), 72–92. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2006.19379625.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grzywacz, J. G., & Marks, N. F. (2000). Reconceptualizing the work-family interface. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 111–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He, G., An, R., & Zhang, F. (2019). Cultural intelligence and work-family conflict: A moderated mediation model based on conservation of resources theory. International Journal of Environmental Eesearch and Public Health, 16(13), 2406. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132406.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. Beverly Hills: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2. Aufl.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (Hrsg.). (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations. The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiburz, K. M., Allen, T. D., & French, K. A. (2017). Work-family conflict and mindfulness: Investigating the effectiveness of a brief training intervention: Work-family conflict and mindfulness. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(7), 1016–1037. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Korabik, K., Aycan, Z., & Ayman, R. (Hrsg.). (2017). The work-family interface in global context. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kutschker, M., & Schmid, S. (2011). Internationales management (7. Aufl.). München: Oldenbourg.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Lu, L., Gilmour, R., Kao, S. F., & Huang, M. T. (2006). A cross-cultural study of work/family demands, work/family conflict and wellbeing: The Taiwanese vs. British. Career Development International, 11(1), 9–27. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013988.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marks, S. R., & MacDermid, S. M. (1996). Multiple roles and the self: A theory of role balance. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 58(2), 417–432. https://doi.org/10.2307/353506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Masuda, A. D., Poelmans, S., Allen, T. D., Spector, P. E., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., Moreno-Velazquez, I. et al. (2012). Flexible work arrangements availability and their relationship with work-to-family conflict, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions: A comparison of three country clusters. Applied Psychology, 61(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2011.00453.x.

  • McNall, L. A., Nicklin, J. M., & Masuda, A. D. (2010). A meta-analytic review of the consequences associated with work-family enrichment. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(3), 381–396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-009-9141-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNamara, T. K., Pitt-Catsouphes, M., Matz-Costa, C., Brown, M., & Valcour, M. (2013). Across the continuum of satisfaction with work-family balance: Work hours, flexibility fit, and work-family culture. Social Science Research, 42(2), 283–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2012.10.002.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Michel, A., Bosch, C., & Rexroth, M. (2014). Mindfulness as a cognitive–emotional segmentation strategy: An intervention promoting work–life balance. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87(4), 733–754. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12072.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2015). Cross-national work-life research: A review at the individual level. In T. D. Allen & L. T. Eby (Hrsg.), The Oxford handbook of work and family (S. 315–330). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ollo-López, A., & Goñi-Legaz, S. (2017). Differences in work–family conflict: Which individual and national factors explain them? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(3), 499–525. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1118141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poelmans, S., & Beham, B. (2008). Reviewing policies for harmonizing work, family and personal life. In S. A. Y. Poelmans & P. Caligiuri (Hrsg.), Harmonizing work, family and professional life. From policy to practice (S. 39–77). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Poelmans, S., O'Driscoll, M., & Beham, B. (2005). An overview of international research on the work-family interface. In S. Poelmans (Hrsg.), Work and family. An international research perspective (S. 3–37). Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Powell, G. N., Francesco, A. M., & Ling, Y. (2009). Toward culture-sensitive theories of the work-family interface. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30, 597–616. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.568.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rajadhyaksha, U., Korabik, K., Lero, D. S., Zugec, L., Hammer, L. B., & Beham, B. (2020). The work-family interface around the world: Implications and recommendations for policy and practice. Organizational Dynamics, 49(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2019.01.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rao, I. (2017). Work-life balance for sustainable human development: Cultural intelligence as enabler. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 27(7), 706–713. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2017.1327391.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Resch, M., & Bamberg, E. (2005). Work-Life Balance – ein neuer Blick auf die Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie? Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 49(4), 171–175. https://doi.org/10.1026/0932-4089.49.4.171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rexroth, M., Sonntag, K., & Michel, A. (2014). Verschwommene Grenzen zwischen den Lebensbereichen. Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, 68(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03374420.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shockley, K. M., & Singla, N. (2011). Reconsidering work-family interactions and satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of Management, 37(3), 861–886. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206310394864.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Somech, A., & Drach-Zahavy, A. (2017). Understanding the role of personal coping strategy in decreasing work and family conflict. In K. Korabik, Z. Aycan & Z. Aycan (Hrsg.), The work-family interface in global context (S. 318–337). New York: Routledge.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Spector, P. E., Cooper, C. L., Poelmans, S., Allen, T. D., O’Driscoll, M., Sanchez, J. I., et al. (2004). A cross-national comparative study of work-family stressors, working hours, and well-being: China and Latin America versus the Anglo world. Personnel Psychology, 57, 119–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spector, P. E., Allen, T. D., Poelmans, S., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., O’Driscoll, M., Widerszal-Bazyl, M. et al. (2007). Cross-national differences in relationships of work demands, job satisfaction and turnover intentions with work-family conflict. Personnel Psychology, 60(4), 805–835. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2007.00092.x.

  • Stock-Homburg, R., & Roederer, J. (2009). Modeerscheinung oder Schlüssel zur langfristigen Leistungsfähigkeit? Work-Life Balance von Führungskräften. Personalführung, 2(2), 22–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strandh, M., & Nordenmark, M. (2006). The interference of paid work with household demands in different social policy contexts: Perceived work–household conflict in Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, Hungary, and the Czech Republic. The British Journal of Sociology, 57(4), 597–617. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2006.00127.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taras, V., Rowney, J., & Steel, P. (2009). Half a century of measuring culture: Review of approaches, challenges, and limitations based on the analysis of 121 instruments for quantifying culture. Journal of Management, 15, 357–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2008.08.005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taras, V., Kirkman, B. L., & Steel, P. (2010). Examining the impact of culture’s consequences: A three-decade, multi-level, meta-analytic review of Hofstede’s cultural value dimensions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(3), 405–439.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, C. A., Beauvais, L. L., & Lyness, K. S. (1999). When work-family benefits are not enough: The influence of work-family culture on benefit utilization, organizational attachment, and work-family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 54(3), 392–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trompenaars, F., & Hampden-Turner, C. (1997). Riding the waves of culture (2. Aufl.). London: Nicholas Brealey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valcour, M. P. (2007). Work-based resources as moderators of the relationship between work hours and satisfaction with work-family balance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(6), 1512–1523. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.6.1512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wayne, J. H., Butts, M. M., Casper, W. J., & Allen, T. D. (2017). In search of balance: A conceptual and empirical integration of multiple meanings of work–family balance. Personnel Psychology, 70(1), 167–210. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wiese, B. S. (2015). Work-life balance. In K. Moser (Hrsg.), Wirtschaftspsychologie (S. 228–244). Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Barbara Beham .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Beham, B., Straub, C. (2021). Work-Life Balance im globalen Kontext: Kulturunterschiede, Kompetenzen und Interventionen. In: Genkova, P. (eds) Handbuch Globale Kompetenz. Springer, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-30684-7_82-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-30684-7_82-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Wiesbaden

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-658-30684-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-658-30684-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Referenz Psychologie

Publish with us

Policies and ethics