Zusammenfassung
Emissions of Euro-6 gasoline powertrains at normal operating temperatures are almost zero (Fig. 1). On the contrary, during cold starts, characterized by low temperatures for the catalytic converters, CO and unburned hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than during cruise operating conditions [1]. The situation is even more severe with hybrid powertrains. Here the intermittent engine operation often leads to numerous cold starts.
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Literatur
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© 2019 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature
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Papetti, V., Eggenschwiler, P.D., Schreiber, D. (2019). Reduction of cold start emissions with microwave heated catalytic converters. In: Bargende, M., Reuss, HC., Wagner, A., Wiedemann, J. (eds) 19. Internationales Stuttgarter Symposium . Proceedings. Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25939-6_51
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25939-6_51
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