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Genomic Insights into Xylella fastidiosa Interactions with Plant and Insect Hosts

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Genomics of Plant-Associated Bacteria

Abstract

The genome of Xylella fastidiosa encodes the properties that enable it to alternately colonize its plant and insect hosts. In this chapter, we take a holistic approach and explore X. fastidiosa evolution, biology, and management based on information and insights that would not have been possible, or would have been technically challenging, during the pre-genomics period of plant pathology. Analysis of genome sequences illustrates the major physiological differences between X. fastidiosa and plant pathogens in the sibling genus Xanthomonas, which possess substantially larger genomes and a variety of genes that are essential for pathogenicity, yet absent from the X. fastidiosa genome. Genome sequence data have enabled reverse-genetic approaches to transfer knowledge from more genetically tractable organisms, along with examination of gene regulatory effects that are involved in colonization of the various hosts. The availability of reference genome sequences has also facilitated the examination of genetic diversity among X. fastidiosa found in different geographic regions and different host plants. Existing data demonstrates the importance of mobile genetic elements in producing genetic diversity among X. fastidiosa isolates. Genome-wide descriptions of diversity will be a powerful tool to identify the genetic changes that underlie the emergence of new agricultural diseases.

In late 2013 Xylella fastidiosa was reported in southern Italy (Saponari et al. 2013). This report highlights the importance of X. fastidiosa as a quarantine pathogen, and the need to better understand its ecology and evolution.

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Acknowledgments

We thank students, researchers, and colleagues that have contributed to the work discussed here. ACR is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science. LRS is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship in biology from the NSF.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Adam C. Retchless, Fabien Labroussaa, Lori Shapiro & Rodrigo P. P. Almeida

  2. United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Parlier, CA, USA

    Drake C. Stenger

  3. Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Steven E. Lindow

Authors
  1. Adam C. Retchless
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  2. Fabien Labroussaa
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  3. Lori Shapiro
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  4. Drake C. Stenger
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  5. Steven E. Lindow
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  6. Rodrigo P. P. Almeida
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rodrigo P. P. Almeida .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dep Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

    Dennis C. Gross

  2. United States Department of Agriculture Nat Inst Food and Agriculture, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

    Ann Lichens-Park

  3. Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India

    Chittaranjan Kole

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Retchless, A.C., Labroussaa, F., Shapiro, L., Stenger, D.C., Lindow, S.E., Almeida, R.P.P. (2014). Genomic Insights into Xylella fastidiosa Interactions with Plant and Insect Hosts. In: Gross, D., Lichens-Park, A., Kole, C. (eds) Genomics of Plant-Associated Bacteria. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55378-3_8

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