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Marine Silicon Biotechnology

  • Chapter
Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

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Abstract

The discovery of the catalytic capability in silicatein, a constituent of the protein axial filament occluded in biosilica of the marine demosponge Tethya aurantia, for hydrolysis and polycondensation of silicon alkoxides to yield silica, as well as its role as a template for silicon biomineralization brought about emergence of a new field, silicon biotechnology, as a part of marine biotechnology. This new discipline focuses on understanding the mechanisms controlling biomineralization of silicon elements and its application to the development of new routes to the synthesis of silicon-based materials under environmentally benign conditions. However, as demonstrated by recent studies, the capability of silicatein is not limited to the synthesis of silicon-based materials but is also applicable to the production of various metal oxide materials and organic polymers. Thus, silicon biotechnology represents technology involved in or inspired by silicatein and actually covers the synthesis of silicon-based materials as well as materials consisting of other elements. In this chapter, the molecular biological properties of silicatein and its possible mechanisms on silica polycondensation are summarized, and then a variety of examples of silicatein for the synthesis of silica as well as other materials in environmentally benign routes are described.

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Abbreviations

AFM:

atomic force microscope

Cys:

cysteine

DNA:

deoxyribonucleic acid

EDX:

energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

GNO:

hydrated gallium nitrate

Glu-tag:

octaglutamic acid-tag

HA:

hydroxyapatite

His-tag:

hexahistidine-tag

NCN-Pt:

platinum-dimethylamino pincer complex

NTA:

nitrilotriacetic acid

Ni-NTA:

nickel nitrilotriacetic acid

OmpA:

outer membrane protein A

PCP-Pd:

paradium-diphenylphosphino pincer complex

PCR:

polymerase chain reaction

PDMS:

polydimetylsiloxane

PLA:

polylactide

PMSF:

phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride

RNA:

ribonucleic acid

SDS-PAGE:

polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

SDS:

sodium dodecyl sulfate

TEM:

transmission electron microscope

TEOS:

tetraethoxysilane

TMOS:

tetramethoxysilane

Ti(BALDH):

titanium (IV) bis(ammonium lactato) dihydroxide

UV:

ultraviolet

cDNA:

complementary DNA

mRNA:

messenger RNA

pI:

isoelectric point

r-silicatein:

recombinant silicatein

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  1. Organization for Regional Industrial Academic Cooperation, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyamacho Minami, 680-8550, Tottori, Japan

    Katsuhiko Shimizu

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    Se-Kwon Kim Prof.

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© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Shimizu, K. (2015). Marine Silicon Biotechnology. In: Kim, SK. (eds) Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53971-8_61

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