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Medicinal Plants and Phytocompounds: A Potential Source of Novel Antibiofilm Agents

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Antibiofilm Agents

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Biofilms ((BIOFILMS,volume 8))

Abstract

Medicinal plants and plant-derived bioactive compounds are well known for their contribution to primary health care as a source novel drug discovery for various ailments. Emergence and spread of microbial drug resistance due to various mechanisms has impacted the efficacy of almost all old and new antibacterial drugs. The biofilm mode of microbial growth has significantly increased the survival strategies and resistance levels of microbes to drugs, making the treatment of infections more difficult. Currently, efforts are going on to develop novel strategies including targeting biofilms to treat infections. Various natural products are known to inhibit biofilm formation or preformed biofilms. In recent years medicinal plants and phytocompounds were reported with promising antibiofilm activity in vitro from different parts of the world. In this chapter we have reviewed the current literature on antibiofilm agents derived from medicinal plants and/or plant-derived compounds. Plant extracts and phytocompounds of various classes have been found effective against bacterial or fungal biofilms, with some compounds showing activity against both. Such compounds are expected to be effective against mixed biofilms. Interestingly, certain quorum-sensing inhibiting plant extracts or compounds can also inhibit biofilms made by bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The majority of the antibiofilm phytocompounds identified so far have been tested in vitro; however, only a few compounds have been reported effective under in vivo condition. This could be due to the lack of access of the investigators to suitable animal models for different diseases to assess the therapeutic efficacy of these antibiofilm agents. The results of this chapter indicated that the phytocompounds may be effective alone or in combination with antibiotics, as in the treatment of systemic infection. However, further investigation on their mode of action and in vivo efficacy are prerequisites to obtain broad-spectrum antifungal agents of clinical value.

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Acknowledgments

FMH is grateful to the Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India, for the financial assistance in the form of an INSPIRE fellowship. The authors are also thankful to Mr. Mohammad Shavez Khan (Research Scholar, AMU, Aligarh) for his kind help in the preparation of structures of phytocompounds.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, 202002, India

    Iqbal Ahmad, Fohad Mabood Husain & Meenu Maheshwari

  2. James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA

    Maryam Zahin

Authors
  1. Iqbal Ahmad
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  2. Fohad Mabood Husain
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  3. Meenu Maheshwari
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  4. Maryam Zahin
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Iqbal Ahmad .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA

    Kendra P. Rumbaugh

  2. Department of Ag. Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Iqbal Ahmad

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© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Ahmad, I., Husain, F.M., Maheshwari, M., Zahin, M. (2014). Medicinal Plants and Phytocompounds: A Potential Source of Novel Antibiofilm Agents. In: Rumbaugh, K., Ahmad, I. (eds) Antibiofilm Agents. Springer Series on Biofilms, vol 8. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53833-9_10

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