Abstract
Lexicography is in transition from a highly traditional manual activity to a new interdisciplinary science, which aims at creating electronic resources for different applications. The development away from traditional methods applies also to dictionary compilation. Compiling a dictionary is a challenging and laborious task. Collecting data and compiling dictionary entries used to be done with pen and paper, investing considerable efforts in routine tasks. Nowadays dictionaries are written on computers. Accordingly, more and more targeted software tools are being developed. These allow lexicographers to concentrate more on their actual tasks: creating and editing dictionary entries, ensuring the long-term storage and reusability of data, as well as better support for smooth and consistent management throughout the whole lexicographic process. Software that serves these purposes is generally referred to as a dictionary writing system (DWS).
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Dictionaries, Dictionary Writing Systems, and Corpus Query Systems
[ABBYY] ABBYY Lingvo Content. https://www.abbyy.com/
[BAB.LA] Online dictionary for 28 languages. https://bab.la/
[DEB] Dictionary Editor and Browser. https://deb.fi.muni.cz/index.php
[DWDS] Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache. https://www.dwds.de/
[EELex] IEL Dictionary Management System. https://eelex.eki.ee/
[EGLD] English-Georgian Learner’s Dictionary. https://en.bab.la/dictionary/english-georgian/
[elexiko] Das elektronische, lexikografisch-lexikologische korpusbasierte Wort-schatzinformationssystem. https://www.owid.de/docs/elex/start.jsp
[IDM] IDM DPS. https://www.idmgroup.com/
[iLEX] A powerful integration of a structured XML editor and an XML database with very flexible customization and easy installation, ideal for all kinds of reference works. https://web.archive.org/web/20171217144229/http://emp.dk/.
[IMS] IMS Open Corpus Workbench. https://cwb.sourceforge.io/
[Karp] The lexical infrastructure and search tool of Språkbanken (the Swedish Language Bank). https://spraakbanken.gu.se/karp/
[Korp] The concordance search tool of Språkbanken (the Swedish Language Bank). https://spraakbanken.gu.se/korp/
[LeXmart] A smart framework to support the lexicographers’ work. http://www.lexmart.eu/
[Lexonomy] A cloud-based, open-source platform for writing and publishing dictionaries. https://www.lexonomy.eu/
[NoSketch Engine] An open-source project combining Manatee and Bonito and Crystal into a powerful and free corpus management system. https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/trac/noske
[OWID] Das Online-Wortschatz-Informationssystem Deutsch des Leibniz-Instituts für Deutsche Sprache (IDS), Mannheim. https://www.owid.de/.
[RBN] Referentiebestand Nederlands. https://taalmaterialen.ivdnt.org/download/tstc-referentiebestand-nederlands/
[Sketch Engine] The ultimate tool to explore how language works. https://www.sketchengine.eu/
[Termania Portal] Free on-line dictionary portal. https://www.termania.net/
[TLex] A professional, feature-rich, fully internationalised, off-the-shelf software application suite for compiling dictionaries or terminology lists. https://tshwanedje.com/
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Abel, A. (2022). Dictionary writing systems. In: Hanks, P., de Schryver, GM. (eds) International Handbook of Modern Lexis and Lexicography. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45369-4_111-1
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