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Hirnstimulationsverfahren, Elektrokonvulsionstherapie

Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik, Psychotherapie

Part of the book series: Springer Reference Medizin ((SRM))

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Zusammenfassung

Die Elektrokonvulsionstherapie (EKT) ist ein nichtpharmakologisches biologisches Behandlungsverfahren, dessen ausgezeichnete Wirksamkeit v. a. bei depressiven Störungsbildern, aber auch bei Erkrankungen aus dem schizophrenen Formenkreis in einer Vielzahl an kontrollierten Untersuchungen gut belegt werden konnte. Dies gilt sowohl für Akutbehandlungen als auch für eine Erhaltungstherapie zur Rezidivprophylaxe. Sicherheit und Verträglichkeit der EKT sind durch umfangreiche Modifikationen der Stimulationstechnik sowie durch die umfassenden Fortschritte der Anästhesiologie stetig verbessert worden. Somit konnten v. a. in den letzten Jahren viele Kontraindikationen weitgehend relativiert werden, sodass heute auch Patienten mit erhöhten somatischen Risiken eine sichere Behandlung angeboten werden kann. Im vorliegenden Kapitel werden die historische Entwicklung der EKT, Untersuchungen zu Wirkmechanismen, die Indikationsstellung, Kontraindikationen und Risiken sowie die klinische Durchführung der Behandlung im Rahmen der Akutbehandlung sowie der Rezidivprophylaxe dargestellt. Die EKT ist demnach weiterhin eine wichtige Therapieoption, die v. a. schwer erkrankten Patienten, die durch andere Behandlungsformen wie z. B. eine intensive kombinierte Pharmako- und Psychotherapie keine ausreichende Besserung erfahren haben, nicht vorenthalten werden darf.

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 84, 93053, Regensburg, Deutschland

    Thomas. C. Baghai

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Österreich

    Siegfried Kasper

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    Hans-Jürgen Möller

  2. Psychotherapie, Psychosomatische Medizin und Neurologie, Inn-Salzach-Klinikum GmbH Fachkrankenhaus für Psychiatrie, Wasserburg, Germany

    Gerd Laux

  3. Universitätsklinikum Graz Universitätsklink für Psychiatrie, Graz, Austria

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Baghai, T.C., Kasper, S. (2016). Hirnstimulationsverfahren, Elektrokonvulsionstherapie. In: Möller, HJ., Laux, G., Kapfhammer, HP. (eds) Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik, Psychotherapie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45028-0_32-1

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    Published:
    25 May 2017

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45028-0_32-2

  2. Original

    Hirnstimulationsverfahren, Elektrokonvulsionstherapie
    Published:
    23 June 2016

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45028-0_32-1

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