Zusammenfassung
Das Atemnotsyndrom ist eine typische Krankheit Frühgeborener (Synonym: hyalines Membranensyndrom, respiratory distress syndrome, RDS); es wird durch den Mangel eines pulmonalen oberflächenaktiven Systems, des Surfactant (surface active agent) verursacht.
Ungefähr 1 % aller Lebendgeborenen erkrankt an einem Atemnotsyndrom. Die Inzidenz steigt mit abnehmendem Gestationsalter; bis zu 60 % der Frühgeborenen mit einem Gestationsalter von weniger als 30 Wochen entwickeln aufgrund der Unreife des Surfactantsystems ein Atemnotsyndrom. Vor Einführung der Surfactant-Substitutionstherapie verstarben bis zu 50 % der Kinder im Verlauf des Atemnotsyndroms.
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Speer, C.P. (2014). Lungenkrankheiten Früh- und Neugeborener. In: Hoffmann, G., Lentze, M., Spranger, J., Zepp, F. (eds) Pädiatrie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41866-2_40
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